Nutrition
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Reference values of low body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, and calf circumference in cancer patients: A nationwide multicenter observational study.
Anthropometric measurements including body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and calf circumference (CC) are simple and convenient indicators of nutritional status and muscle mass. However, most of their reference values come from studies based on healthy Western populations. The optimal reference values of these anthropometric factors in Asian patients with cancer are unclear. The aim of this study was to develop reference values of severely and moderately low BMI, MUAC, and CC by analyzing a large sample of patients with cancer from a nationwide population. ⋯ The present study defined reference values of moderately and severely low BMI, MUAC, and CC, which showed strong associations with quality of life, malnutrition, and mortality risk. New reference values from the present study are classification references specifically for the Asian population, which is a new step to promote the application of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria and its severity grading system in Asia.
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Aging is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation contributing to a decline in lung performance. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) has been introduced to evaluate the inflammatory potential of different diets, which may further affect individuals' respiratory function. This study investigates the association between DII and lung performance in older adults. ⋯ Pro-inflammatory diets may affect lung function in fit older people, and this effect may be exacerbated in overweight or obese individuals.
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The aim of this study was to assess the association of vitamin D levels with vitamin B12 and folate levels in children. ⋯ The present study reported a positive correlation between vitamin D and vitamin B12 and folate levels. Regular measurement of these two micronutrient levels in children with vitamin D deficiency is important for public health.
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Observational Study
Resting metabolic rate and its association with body composition parameters in 9- to 18-year-old Indian children and adolescents.
Obesity is a disorder of energy balance with increasing prevalence in Indian children. Objectives were to study 1) resting metabolic rate (RMR), anthropometry, body composition (BC), and their relationships in Indian children and adolescents affected with overweight (OW) or obesity (OB) and in non-overweight (NOW) children and 2) factors influencing RMR, such as age, sex, and BC. ⋯ We found lower weight-adjusted RMR in children classified as OW or OB as compared with NOW children. Our study underlines the importance of low RMR levels among children with a higher BMI, in girls, and with increasing age.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the association between at least one of the risk factors for metabolic syndrome and the lifestyle of adults and elderly individuals in Teresina, Piauí. ⋯ The presence of at least one risk factor for this disease, according to lifestyle, deserves a warning for the population, as it is capable of harming health, especially at the level of cardiovascular impairment.