Nutrition
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The aims of this study was to determine the cutoff values for tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) and investigate the association between overweight/obesity as classified by TMI and cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazilian adolescents aged 12 to 17 y. ⋯ Obesity, as classified by TMI, was strongly associated with several cardiovascular risk factors. Our data showed that TMI was stable across the age span. Therefore, a fixed cutoff value to determine weight status in Brazilian adolescents seems appropriate.
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There is limited knowledge about muscle-mass loss in childhood and adolescent patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between muscle mass evaluated by computed tomography (CT) and the serum creatinine-cystatin C ratio (CCR) in children and adolescents with cancer. ⋯ These results suggest that CCR may be a useful surrogate marker for muscle mass in cancer care for children and adolescents.
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Because most patients who develop pressure ulcer (PU) are malnourished, additional nutritional support is important for PU improvement. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefit of a simple nutritional support protocol in PU improvement. ⋯ A simple nutritional support protocol was easy to develop and its application contributed significantly to the recovery of PU.
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Observational Study
Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations and incident risk of ischemic stroke in rural Chinese adults: New insight on ceiling effect.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3) and ischemic stroke and its potential modifying factors in rural Chinese adults. ⋯ An inverse dose-response association between 25(OH)D3 and incident risk of ischemic stroke in rural Chinese adults was only observed in those with 25(OH)D3 < 20 ng/mL, along with two effect modifiers. Higher levels of 25(OH)D3 did not confer additional benefit.
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We aimed to explore whether Lactobacillus reuteri could have a positive role in reducing inflammation and bacterial translocation in rats with acute liver failure. ⋯ Overall, our study indicated that L. reuteri-induced expression of intestinal tight junction proteins is mediated by the PI3 K/Akt-Nrf-2/HO-1-NF-κB and PKC-Nrf-2/HO-1-NF-κB pathways, which leads to inhibition of the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, thus maintaining the integrity of the damaged intestinal barrier.