Nutrition
-
The present study aimed to identify associations between extremes in body weight status (underweight and excess body weight) before a COVID-19 diagnosis and clinical outcomes in patients infected with SARS coronavirus type 2. ⋯ Being underweight and excess body weight were not independently associated with clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 in the herein analyzed cohort. This finding indicates that the association between these variables may be confounded by both age and comorbidities.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Water supplementation affects the fluid intake and serum levels of BDNF among the elderly nursing home residents.
The link between dehydration and fluid intake with brain function in elderly individuals has produced conflicting findings. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of water supplementation on fluid intake, cognitive and motor performance, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in euhydrated and dehydrated elderly. ⋯ The present study demonstrated that 7 d of water supplementation increased the water and the total fluid intake in elderly individuals regardless of dehydration status. Serum BDNF levels increased during dehydration and reverted to physiologic levels after appropriate rehydration.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Intermittent fasting activates markers of autophagy in mouse liver, but not muscle from mouse or humans.
Intermittent fasting (IF) activates autophagy in cardiac muscle and pancreatic islets. We examined the effect of IF on markers of autophagy in liver and skeletal muscle in mice and in humans. ⋯ Markers of autophagy in liver, but not in muscle, were elevated in response to IF in mice. In humans, autophagy markers in muscle were reduced, likely in response to weight loss.
-
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of supplementation with the immunomodulators arginine and glutamine on transthyretin levels in burn patients. ⋯ In view of the content in the present review, it is possible to affirm that the supplementation of immunomodulators in burn patients is an effective strategy for their treatment, and that the adequate nutritional offer may be a predictor of a favorable outcome. However, regarding the increase in transthyretin values, this finding needs to be considered with reservations as the values can be altered by the inflammatory activity, and not necessarily related to the use of a supplement.
-
Clinical nutrition outpatient clinics (CNOCs) are the mainstay of the nutrition bundle in hospitals. They are important for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of outpatients with malnutrition (MN) and sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in muscle mass during the treatment of MN in patients admitted to CNOCs. ⋯ MN treatment and follow-up can restore muscle mass especially in patients ≥65 y of age and in those with chronic diseases. CNOCs are beneficial in the treatment and follow-up of MN.