Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Taurine as a possible antiaging therapy: A controlled clinical trial on taurine antioxidant activity in women ages 55 to 70.
Based on the antioxidant effects of taurine, which are capable of controlling oxidative stress in the aging process, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of taurine supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress in women 55 to 70 y of age. ⋯ Taurine supplementation prevented the decrease in the antioxidant enzyme SOD, suggesting taurine as a strategy to control oxidative stress during the aging process.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Immunomodulating versus high-protein oral preoperative supplement in surgical patients - A two-center, prospective, randomized clinical trial.
For many years, immunonutrition was believed to reduce postoperative complications in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. However, recent studies questioned that belief. Moreover, the perioperative intake of proteins has gained more and more attention and has shown clinical value. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the clinical effect of immunomodulating (IM) plus high-protein (HP) and pure HP supplements during the preoperative period. ⋯ Both groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, and type of surgery. The median length of postoperative hospital stay was 8 d (range, 6-12 d) in the IM group and 7 d (range, 6-10 d) in the HP group (P = 0.153). Postoperative complications were observed in 29 patients (21.3%) in the IM group and 28 (17.8%) in the HP group (P = 0.442) The risk of readmission was comparable (5.1% vs 4.9%; P = 0.924) for IM and HP supplements, respectively. Postoperative nausea and vomiting occurred in 21 patients in the IM group (15.4%) and 17 patients in the HP group (10.4%; P = 0.195). No difference in gastrointestinal function evaluated with time to first flatus was observed (P = 0.272) CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated no difference between preoperative IM + HP and HP supplements in surgical patients. Therefore, the routine preoperative use of IM supplements in all surgical patients cannot be recommended.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Applied nutritional investigationEffects of acute arginine supplementation on neuroendocrine, metabolic, cardiovascular, and mood outcomes in younger men: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Arginine is an amino-acid supplement and precursor for nitric-oxide synthesis, which affects various biologic processes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of arginine supplementation on growth hormone (GH) and metabolic parameters. ⋯ Arginine supplementation modestly increased GH, glucose, and TSH levels in younger men. Responders had higher benzoate metabolites and an unknown analyte attributed to the gut microbiome. Future studies should examine whether the increased prevalence of these gut microorganisms corresponds with GH response after arginine supplementation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Coenzyme Q10 supplementation improves cholesterol efflux capacity and antiinflammatory properties of high-density lipoprotein in Chinese adults with dyslipidemia.
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) had shown promising effects in improving the lipid and glycemic profile in dyslipidemic individuals in our previous work, but little is known about how it affects high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function in patients with dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on HDL function in people with dyslipidemia. ⋯ This study suggested that supplementation of CoQ10 for 24 wk can significantly improve HDL-mediated CEC and antiinflammatory function of HDL in patients with dyslipidemia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Water supplementation affects the fluid intake and serum levels of BDNF among the elderly nursing home residents.
The link between dehydration and fluid intake with brain function in elderly individuals has produced conflicting findings. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of water supplementation on fluid intake, cognitive and motor performance, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in euhydrated and dehydrated elderly. ⋯ The present study demonstrated that 7 d of water supplementation increased the water and the total fluid intake in elderly individuals regardless of dehydration status. Serum BDNF levels increased during dehydration and reverted to physiologic levels after appropriate rehydration.