Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) with the normal-weight obesity (NWO) phenotype in school-aged children. ⋯ Higher UPF consumption and a diet consisting of high proinflammatory foods were associated with the NWO phenotype in children.
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The aim of the present study was to examine the dose-response relationship between trunk tissue composition and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in middle-aged Japanese men. ⋯ Increase in IntraMAT content, not in skeletal muscle CSA, significantly correlated with the prevalence of MetS. These results suggest that countermeasures against the accumulation of trunk IntraMAT effectively prevent MetS in middle-aged Japanese men.
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Observational Study
Nutrition care processes from intensive care unit admission to inpatient rehabilitation: A retrospective observational study.
Extended duration of nutrition interventions in critical illness is a plausible mechanism of benefit and of interest to inform future research. The aim of this study was to describe nutrition processes of care from intensive care unit (ICU) admission to discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. ⋯ Rehabilitation LOS was longer than in the ICU or acute wards, yet patients in rehabilitation were assessed the least by a dietitian and time to assessment was longest. Symptoms that impact nutrition intake were common; nutrition interventions beyond the acute care setting in critical illness need investigation.
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The effect of and optimal timing for initiating an oral nutritional supplement(ONS) in hospitalized older patients with the Omicron variant infection remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between the ONS and clinical outcomes. ⋯ Early ONS might have significantly lowered risk for in-hospital death, as well as reduce hospital length of stay and days of viral clearance in older patients with COVID-19 during the Omicron wave.
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Survival after childhood cancer has significantly improved in recent decades. Nevertheless, an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease among childhood cancer survivors (CCS) has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether fat-to-lean mass ratio (FLR) is associated with a dysmetabolic profile in CCS. ⋯ An increased FLR is suggestive of altered body composition phenotype, allowing identification of CCS at higher risk of metabolic syndrome. Diet and physical activity are needed from commencement of oncological treatments to preserve overall nutritional status and maintain it over the long term.