Nutrition
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Iron is an important micronutrient in pathways of energy production, adequate nutrient intake and its balance is essential for optimal athletic performance. However, large studies elucidating the impact of iron deficiency on athletes' performance are sparse. ⋯ Iron deficiency is common in athletes (predominantly in female and in young athletes). Iron deficiency was independently associated with reduced VO2 peak during exercise testing and lower probability to reach a VO2 peak >50 ml/min/kg.
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Complementary feeding is a process starting at 6 months of age when breastfeeding alone cannot provide the nutrients infants require. Foods and liquids are started along with breastfeeding up to 24 months, while complementary foods are available either from a garden or local market appropriate to complement breast milk at 6 months to satisfy the nutritional needs of the infant. Infancy is from birth to 12 months of age, and the term young child is used when referring to infants and children from 12 months to 2 years of age. Infants and young children require a sufficient diet that includes all nutrients that support overall growth and development. Appropriate feeding practices are crucial during infancy and early childhood. In addition to breastfeeding, complementary feeding should be started on time, administered safely and appropriately, and in sufficient amounts with regularity, consistency, and a variety of foods to meet nutritional needs. ⋯ The responses of mothers from all age strata regarding factors that hinder appropriate infant and young child feeding show a lack of awareness about initiating early breastfeeding. Extreme work overload prevented the feeding of breast milk and preparation of a complementary diet as per protocol, low utilization of family planning, and a perceived shortage of food items to prepare a balanced diet for complementary feeding were factors that hindered appropriate infant and young child feeding. Concerned stakeholders should work to alleviate the extreme workload among mothers with children under 2 years old and reduce their lack of awareness by designing appropriate infant and young child feeding education; cooking demonstrations are strongly recommended.
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We hypothesized that a low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet may be associated with the disease severity of ulcerative colitis (UC). Therefore, this cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the association between FODMAP score and UC severity. ⋯ The results of the present study showed that there was no significant association between the FODMAP score and UC severity. However, considering the limitations of the study, more studies with prospective and interventional designs using more accurate methods of dietary assessments are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Improvement of skin condition and intestinal microbiota via Heyndrickxia coagulans SANK70258 intake: A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparative study.
Heyndrickxia coagulans SANK70258, a representative probiotic, is known for alleviating inflammation caused by cedar pollen, improving the intestinal environment and bowel movements. A previous study on consuming H. coagulans SANK70258 together with galactooligosaccharides showed a trend toward improvement in skin scaliness scores and subjective assessments of skin roughness. However, the effect of H. coagulans SANK70258 alone on the skin remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to re-evaluate the effects of the intake of H. coagulans SANK70258 alone on skin conditions and the intestinal environment through a clinical trial. ⋯ H. coagulans SANK70258 can improve skin health by improving the intestinal lining. This probiotic reduces the levels of intestinal putrefactive products and advanced glycation end-product levels in feces, suggesting that it may affect not only skin health but also systemic tissues such as the liver.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of soy protein-rich meals on muscle health of older adults in long-term care: A randomized clinical trial.
This study investigated the effects of a soy protein-rich meal intervention on the muscle health of older adults in long-term care facilities. ⋯ The 12-week soy protein-rich meal intervention improved the muscle mass and 6-m walk performance of older adults in a long-term care facility.