Nutrition
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Multicenter Study
Modified Controlling Nutritional Status (mCONUT) serves as a promising prognostic factor in patients with cancer cachexia.
Malnutrition and systemic inflammation are considered 2 hallmarks of cancer cachexia. Our study aimed to construct a modified Controlling Nutritional Status by introducing C-reactive protein as an inflammatory parameter and investigate its prognostic value in patients with cancer cachexia. ⋯ The modified Controlling Nutritional Status group comprehensively reflects nutritional, immune, and inflammatory status and serves as a powerful prognostic scoring system in patients with cancer cachexia.
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Observational Study
Cross-sectional observational study: Investigation of zinc concentration in white patients with cancer.
Numerous studies describe the role of zinc in the immune system and metabolism. Zinc may influence the pathogenesis and prognosis of cancer. The aim of this study to determine the prevalence of zinc deficiency in patients with cancer. The study's primary objective was to evaluate the frequency of zinc deficiency in White patients with cancer and characterize the clinical factors predisposing individuals to decreased zinc concentration. The study also aimed to estimate the dose of zinc supplementation that would prevent deficiency. ⋯ Zinc deficiency is common in cachectic, malnourished patients with cancer. Nutritional guidelines for these patients should include screening for micronutrient deficiencies. Further studies are needed to determine the role, dosage, duration, and form of nutritional supplementation recommended for specific cancer diagnoses.
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The aim of this study was to determine the development of sarcopenia in a COVID-19 intensive care unit population by sequential quadriceps and diaphragm ultrasound and its relationship with hospital outcomes. ⋯ Muscle atrophy and decline in muscle strength appear in the earliest stages after admission to the intensive care unit and are related to functional outcome.
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Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) is very common in critically ill patients, and its severity is positively correlated with mortality. Critically ill patients with digestive and absorption dysfunction caused by AGI face higher nutritional risks, making nutritional support particularly important. ⋯ The use of EN feeding strategies in critically ill patients with AGI remains controversial. The aim of this review was to elaborate on how EN feeding strategies should transition from limited to progressive to open feeding and explain the time window for this transition.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A starch- and sucrose-reduced diet may lead to improvement of intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms in more conditions than irritable bowel syndrome and congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency.
A starch- and sucrose-reduced diet has been found to improve gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome, as well as reduce weight and improve psychological well-being. Our hypothesis was that a starch- and sucrose-reduced diet would also be beneficial in other conditions with similar symptoms. The aim of the present research letter was to describe the role of a starch- and sucrose-reduced diet in a pilot project in patients with diarrhea having varying causes. ⋯ A starch- and sucrose-reduced diet may lead to weight reduction, reduced symptoms, and improved well-being in several patient categories, not only in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. Future randomized trials should be done.