Nutrition
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Intake of dietary fibers promotes the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which can affect host inflammation via gut microbial fermentation. Although partially hydrolyzed guar-gum (PHGG) is a water-soluble dietary fiber with lower viscosity, its benefits in acute inflammation are yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PHGG intake on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. ⋯ These results demonstrated that inflammation was inhibited by habitual PHGG ingestion, suggesting that this phenomenon might be associated with changes in gut microbiota-induced SCFAs production.
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The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal protein restriction during pregnancy on the lungs of 1-d and 31-d old offspring of C57BL/6 mice. ⋯ Protein restriction during pregnancy reduces the body weight of offspring and promotes inflammation and oxidative stress, resulting in a simplification of the lung structure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Concentrated fish oil ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating fibroblast growth factor 21-adiponectin axis.
The fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21)-adiponectin axis participates in energy hemostasis and obesity-related syndrome. The present study aimed to investigate whether concentrated fish oil (FO) intervention could alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via the regulation of the FGF21-adiponectin axis. ⋯ The present study suggested that FO could potentially ameliorate NAFLD through mediating the FGF21-adiponectin axis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Maternal diets have effects on intestinal mucosal flora and susceptibility to colitis of offspring mice during early life.
Intestinal flora is considered closely related to the occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to discover whether diverse diet conditions during early life lead to different intestinal flora structure and impact different susceptibility to IBD. ⋯ In general, our study shows that a maternal high-protein diet during early life can negatively regulate the intestinal flora diversity of offspring mice. A high-protein diet during early life led to higher susceptibility of IBD in offspring rats.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of combined magnesium and vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status, systemic inflammation, and blood pressure: A randomized double-blinded controlled trial.
Poor vitamin D and magnesium status is observed in individuals who are overweight and obese (Owt/Ob) and is often associated with a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease. Magnesium is a cofactor that assists vitamin D metabolism. We aimed to determine the efficacy of a combined magnesium and vitamin D regimen compared with vitamin D only on increasing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations and the effects of these supplements on cardiometabolic outcomes. ⋯ A combined MagD treatment may be more effective in increasing serum 25OHD concentrations compared with VitD supplementation alone in Owt/Ob individuals.