Nutrition
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Review Meta Analysis
Associations between dietary energy density and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Although many studies have shown an association between dietary energy density (DED) and obesity, there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis on this topic. Therefore, the objective of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively review and summarize the literature on association between DED and obesity. ⋯ The present review showed that DED was directly associated with risk of excess adiposity, higher weight change, and BMI. Lower DED should be considered a prevention strategy for obesity.
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Review Meta Analysis
Vitamin D and atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Despite the evidence supporting the use of vitamin D supplements for managing atopic dermatitis (AD), no meta-analysis providing definite conclusions in this field has been reported. The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of all controlled studies of vitamin D for treating AD to elucidate the efficacy of vitamin D for alleviating the symptoms of AD. ⋯ Vitamin D has a potentially significant role for improving the symptoms of AD. The results from this study suggest that vitamin D supplementation may help ameliorate the severity of AD, and can be considered as a safe and tolerable therapy. However, larger-scale studies over a longer duration of treatment are needed to confirm this conclusion.
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Review Meta Analysis
Habitual coffee consumption and risk of cognitive decline/dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
Findings from epidemiologic studies of coffee consumption and risk for cognitive decline or dementia are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective studies to assess the association between coffee consumption and the risk for cognitive decline and dementia. ⋯ The present study suggests that higher coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk for Alzheimer disease. Further randomized controlled trials or well-designed cohort studies are needed to determine the association between coffee consumption and cognitive decline or dementia.
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Meta Analysis
Alcohol consumption and risk of coronary artery disease: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
To investigate and quantify the potential dose-response association between alcohol consumption and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). ⋯ Alcohol consumption in moderation is associated with a reduced risk of CAD with 36 grams/d of alcohol conferring a lower risk than other levels.
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Review Meta Analysis
Comparative efficacy of vitamin D status in reducing the risk of bladder cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
The optimal concentration of individual vitamin D intake for preventing bladder cancer has not, to our knowledge, been defined. To evaluate the comparative efficacy of different serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in preventing bladder cancer, we conducted a systematic search of the literature published up to April 2015. ⋯ Ensuring sufficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations might play an important role in decreasing the risk of bladder cancer. The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration ≥74 nmol/L was associated with a 60% lower risk of bladder cancer incidence.