Nutrition
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Iron is an important micronutrient in pathways of energy production, adequate nutrient intake and its balance is essential for optimal athletic performance. However, large studies elucidating the impact of iron deficiency on athletes' performance are sparse. ⋯ Iron deficiency is common in athletes (predominantly in female and in young athletes). Iron deficiency was independently associated with reduced VO2 peak during exercise testing and lower probability to reach a VO2 peak >50 ml/min/kg.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of soy protein-rich meals on muscle health of older adults in long-term care: A randomized clinical trial.
This study investigated the effects of a soy protein-rich meal intervention on the muscle health of older adults in long-term care facilities. ⋯ The 12-week soy protein-rich meal intervention improved the muscle mass and 6-m walk performance of older adults in a long-term care facility.
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We hypothesized that a low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet may be associated with the disease severity of ulcerative colitis (UC). Therefore, this cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the association between FODMAP score and UC severity. ⋯ The results of the present study showed that there was no significant association between the FODMAP score and UC severity. However, considering the limitations of the study, more studies with prospective and interventional designs using more accurate methods of dietary assessments are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
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Significant variability exists in the contrast phases applied during computed tomography (CT) studies when assessing morphometric measurements of muscle area (CT-assessed sarcopenia) and density (CT-assessed myosteatosis) and visceral adipose tissue area (CT-assessed visceral obesity). This study explored the impact of contrast phase timing on changes in morphometric measurements of body composition. ⋯ Different CT contrast phases induce small but clinically significant alterations in the measurements of muscle area and density and visceral fat. Such minor changes can result in misclassification issues when fixed cutoff values are used to diagnose myosteatosis with CT. This underscores the importance of reporting absolute values and the specific contrast phase used in future studies.
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Observational Study
The relationship between cognitive frailty, physical frailty and malnutrition in Turkish older adults.
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cognitive and physical frailty and malnutrition in older adults. ⋯ Cognitive and physical frailty were found to be associated with malnutrition in older adults. Even after accounting for confounding factors, it appears that cognitive frailty is more closely related to nutritional status than physical frailty.