Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Shrinking preoperative fast time with maltodextrin and protein hydrolysate in gastrointestinal resections due to cancer.
Prolonged preoperative fasting increases postoperative hospital length of stay and current evidence recommends patients drink a carbohydrate-based liquid drink 2 h before surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the addition of hydrolyzed protein to a carbohydrate-based drink would reduce both the inflammatory response and hospital length of stay. ⋯ The abbreviation of preoperative fasting time to 3 h using a solution containing carbohydrates and hydrolyzed pea proteins reduces the acute-phase inflammatory response and decreases the postoperative length of stay in patients undergoing major surgery for a malignancy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Short-term folinic acid supplementation improves vascular reactivity in HIV-infected individuals: a randomized trial.
HIV-infected individuals present a cluster of conditions that activate or injure the vascular endothelium. The administration of folates may exert beneficial effects on endothelial function in different populations at risk for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 4 wk of folinic acid supplementation on forearm vascular responses during reactive hyperemia in HIV-infected patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy. ⋯ Short-term folinic acid supplementation improved vascular reactivity in HIV-infected individuals enrolled in the studied. As folate supplementation is safe and relatively inexpensive, long-term clinical trials should be conducted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on aortic distensibility in healthy individuals.
Elevated plasma homocysteine (HCY) levels have been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Aortic distensibility and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) are indices of aortic elasticity. The potential effect of acute hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) on the elastic properties of the aorta in healthy individuals is not known. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of acute methionine-induced HHCY on aortic distensibility and PWV in healthy individualsand the effect of acute HHCY on myocardial performance of the left ventricle (Tei index). ⋯ Acute methionine-induced HHCY reduces aortic distensibility and worsens myocardial performance in healthy individuals. Further research is warranted to examine in the long term the direct effects of HHCY on cardiovascular function and the indirect effects on structural remodeling.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Glycemic response to carbohydrate and the effects of exercise and protein.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-exercise and protein coingestion on the glycemic response to carbohydrates. ⋯ Coingestion of protein with carbohydrate reduces glycemic response and increases insulinemic response in healthy subjects, whereas pre-exercise seems to have no effect.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Glomerular filtration rate after a 12-wk resistance exercise program with post-exercise protein ingestion in community dwelling elderly.
Increased protein intake and resistance exercise can be beneficial for maintenance of lean body mass (LBM) in older adults. However, these factors could also negatively affect renal function. We investigated changes in renal function after a 12-wk resistance exercise program combined with protein supplementation in community dwelling older adults. ⋯ A 12-wk resistance exercise program combined with protein supplementation in community dwelling older adults does not negatively affect GFR. The supplementation had only minor effects on total dietary intake.