Journal of clinical anesthesia
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To evaluate the perioperative risk to nonparturients with Eisenmenger's physiology for noncardiac surgical procedures. ⋯ A variety of anesthetic techniques and drugs may be used successfully in nonparturients with Eisenmenger's physiology undergoing noncardiac surgery. Although the study group is small, the perioperative mortality risk is lower than that for parturients undergoing either labor and delivery or cesarean section and is probably in the range of approximately 10%.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane with and without nitrous oxide in elderly versus young adults.
To determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane with and without 65% nitrous oxide (N2O) in non-Asian patients at least 70 years of age, and in patients aged 18 to 35 years. ⋯ The MAC of sevoflurane determined in this study is similar to that determined in previous studies, including the MAC determined in an elderly Asian population. Increasing age and N2O decrease sevoflurane MAC similarly to that determined with other volatile anesthetics.
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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is an important biogenic amine that fulfills the role of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. It has been a focus of interest during the last decade. Its diversity of pharmacologic actions is related to a wide variety of receptors and effector mechanisms. ⋯ Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are of particular clinical importance in the treatment of psychological illness. Future use of these drugs is also envisioned in the treatment of certain types of pain syndromes. Awareness of the serotonergic drugs and the recognition of possible drug interactions among drugs that influence serotonergic mechanisms in humans are becoming increasingly important in the practice of anesthesiology.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Rocuronium priming of atracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade: the use of short priming intervals.
To evaluate the effects of priming doses of rocuronium on the duration of priming interval and on the outcome of priming sequence using rocuronium-atracurium combination. ⋯ Priming doses of recuroniums 0.1 mg/kg reduce the priming interval to 1 minute, allow early induction of anesthesia, eliminate patient discomfort, and accelerate the onset time of altracurium with intubating conditions comparable with succinylcholine and rocuronium.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effects of forced-air warming on postbypass central and skin temperatures and shivering activity.
To test the hypothesis that forced-air skin-surface warming used prophylactically after hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) would: (1) decrease the incidence and severity of postbypass shivering, (2) rapidly increase skin-surface temperatures when compared with standard warmed cotton blankets, and (3) not contribute to excessive central temperature elevation. ⋯ Convection warming, when compared with conductive warming with cotton blankets, limited the incidence, magnitude, and duration of shivering following hypothermic cardiac surgery. This suggests an important role of cutaneous thermal input in the mediation of the shivering response. The central tissue compartment is buffered from the effects of skin-surface warming and, thus, forced-air therapy will not lead to excessive central temperature elevation in this patient population when compared with cotton blanket rewarming.