Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane with and without nitrous oxide in elderly versus young adults.
To determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane with and without 65% nitrous oxide (N2O) in non-Asian patients at least 70 years of age, and in patients aged 18 to 35 years. ⋯ The MAC of sevoflurane determined in this study is similar to that determined in previous studies, including the MAC determined in an elderly Asian population. Increasing age and N2O decrease sevoflurane MAC similarly to that determined with other volatile anesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Incidence and risk factors of guidewire-induced arrhythmia during internal jugular venous catheterization: comparison of marked and plain J-wires.
To compare the incidence and risk factors of guidewire-induced arrhythmia (GIA) during internal jugular venous catheterization (IJV). ⋯ Limiting the length of the guidewire insertion to less than or equal to 20 cm for right IJV catheterization by using a marked J-wire will reduce the incidence of GIA. We recommend the use of a marked J-wire for IJV catheterization.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The efficacy of single-dose aprotinin 2 million KIU in reducing blood loss and its impact on the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery.
To evaluate the efficacy of a 2 million KIU single dose of aprotinin on blood loss, transfusion requirements, and incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. ⋯ A single 2 million KIU bolus dose of aprotinin does not reduce perioperative blood loss or transfusion requirements. Aprotinin therapy, when used in conjunction with other antithrombotic therapies, does not increase the incidence of DVT after major orthopedic surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Rocuronium priming of atracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade: the use of short priming intervals.
To evaluate the effects of priming doses of rocuronium on the duration of priming interval and on the outcome of priming sequence using rocuronium-atracurium combination. ⋯ Priming doses of recuroniums 0.1 mg/kg reduce the priming interval to 1 minute, allow early induction of anesthesia, eliminate patient discomfort, and accelerate the onset time of altracurium with intubating conditions comparable with succinylcholine and rocuronium.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effects of forced-air warming on postbypass central and skin temperatures and shivering activity.
To test the hypothesis that forced-air skin-surface warming used prophylactically after hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) would: (1) decrease the incidence and severity of postbypass shivering, (2) rapidly increase skin-surface temperatures when compared with standard warmed cotton blankets, and (3) not contribute to excessive central temperature elevation. ⋯ Convection warming, when compared with conductive warming with cotton blankets, limited the incidence, magnitude, and duration of shivering following hypothermic cardiac surgery. This suggests an important role of cutaneous thermal input in the mediation of the shivering response. The central tissue compartment is buffered from the effects of skin-surface warming and, thus, forced-air therapy will not lead to excessive central temperature elevation in this patient population when compared with cotton blanket rewarming.