Journal of anesthesia
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Naloxone reversal of opioid anesthesia revisited: clinical evaluation and plasma concentration analysis of continuous naloxone infusion after anesthesia with high-dose fentanyl.
In spite of several advantages, the need for postoperative ventilatory support limits the use of high-dose opioid anesthesia. We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of naloxone infusion for the reversal of high-dose fentanyl anesthesia. ⋯ The results suggest that naloxone infusion with individual dose titration facilitates the use of high-dose opioid anesthesia, maintaining the advantager of this anesthesia.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Changes in body temperature during profound hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in adult patients undergoing aortic arch reconstruction.
Our aim was to characterize changes in body temperatures during profound hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) conducted with the sternum opened. ⋯ During induction of profound hypothermia and its reversal on total CPB with the heart in situ, a PA catheter thermistor, presumably because of its placement immediately behind the superior vena cava, would provide a reliable measure of the mixed venous blood temperature. During stabilized profound hypothermia, PAT, NPT, and FHT, but not UBT, serve as a reliable index of core temperature.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Spinal neurotoxicity and tolerance after repeated intrathecal administration of YM 872, an AMPA receptor antagonist, in rats.
Although the Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist, YM 872, has been considered to be useful in analgesia for both acute and chronic pain, there are no studies of its neurotoxicity and tolerance. We examined the spinal neurotoxicity and tolerance of YM 872 analgesia by repeated intrathecal administration in rats. ⋯ Administration of YM 872 (1 micro g) once a day for 30 days did not induce any tolerance and caused no histological changes in the spinal cord.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEfficacy of prophylactic intravenous granisetron in postoperative emesis in adults.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy, safety, and optimal dose of granisetron in the prophylactic control of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery or cholecystectomy. ⋯ Granisetron is well-tolerated and more effective than placebo in the prophylactic control of nausea and vomiting after surgery. This study suggests that the optimum dose of granisetron is 1 mg.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialRopivacaine produces sensory blockade in the lumbar sacral region more frequently than mepivacaine in lower thoracic epidural anesthesia.
The first sacral nerve has the largest diameter among the spinal nerves and is resistant to local anesthetics. Ropivacaine is a newly developed local anesthetic. There is a possibility that a difference in chemical properties between ropivacaine and other local anesthetics produces a difference in the blockade of the S1 dermatome by lower thoracic epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine, 2%, is frequently used for epidural anesthesia and produces a level of blockade similar to that of bupivacaine, 0.5%. The purpose of this study was to examine the sensory blockade in the sacral region induced by ropivacaine with that induced by mepivacaine administered in the lower thoracic epidural space. ⋯ Ropivacaine, 1%, administered in the lower thoracic epidural space, induces sensory blockade to cold and pinprick in the S1 dermatome more frequently than 2% mepivacaine.