Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of adjunct intrathecal magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia: a randomized, double-blind trial in patients undergoing lower extremity surgery.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of additional magnesium sulfate (MgSO(4)) 100 mg to intrathecal (IT) isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine 3 ml on spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery. ⋯ In patients undergoing lower extremity surgery with spinal anesthesia, the addition of 100 mg IT MgSO(4) to 15 mg bupivacaine without opioid supplement, prolonged the duration of the sensory block, decreased postoperative analgesic consumption, and significantly prolonged the onset of spinal anesthesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2011
Review Meta AnalysisAccuracy of stroke volume variation in predicting fluid responsiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Stroke volume variation (SVV) appears to be a good predictor of fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients. However, a wide range of its predictive values has been reported in recent years. We therefore undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials that investigated the diagnostic value of SVV in predicting fluid responsiveness. ⋯ SVV is of diagnostic value in predicting fluid responsiveness in various settings.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPentazocine increases bispectral index without surgical stimulation during nitrous oxide-sevoflurane anesthesia.
Although there have been a large number of reports on the effects of opioids on the bispectral index (BIS) during anesthesia, the effects of pentazocine on the BIS have not been reported. In this study, 60 patients scheduled for elective oral surgery [30 females, 30 males; all American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA PS) category 1] were enrolled in the trials. Maintaining gender parity, we randomly assigned the patients to one of three groups: pentazocine group (0.3 mg/kg; n = 20), fentanyl group (1 μg/kg; n = 20), or saline group (n = 20); these opioids were administered intravenously 15 min after the intubation. ⋯ BIS values significantly increased between 5 and 15 min after the intubation relative to the baseline value in the pentazocine group (P < 0.001), and BIS values in this group were significantly during this time period than those in the fentanyl and saline group (P < 0.001). BIS values were not significantly different between the fentanyl group and saline group. These results indicated that pentazocine, but not fentanyl, under nitrous oxide-sevoflurane anesthesia caused a statistically significant increase in BIS in our patients.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialPerioperative infusion of dexmedetomidine at a high dose reduces postoperative analgesic requirements: a randomized control trial.
We hypothesized that a high dose of dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg/h) could reduce postoperative analgesic requirements of patients. ⋯ Among this small patient cohort, perioperative infusion of dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg/h) resulted in antinociception without severe side effects. These results suggest that this method could be of interest with respect to improving postoperative pain status.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of intravenous dezocine on fentanyl-induced cough during general anesthesia induction: a double-blinded, prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
To evaluate the suppressive effect of intravenous dezocine on fentanyl-induced cough during the induction of general anesthesia. ⋯ These results demonstrate that intravenous dezocine 0.1 mg/kg 10 min prior to induction was effective in suppressing fentanyl-induced cough in our patients.