Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2013
Case ReportsIntravenous lidocaine and magnesium for management of intractable trigeminal neuralgia: a case series of nine patients.
Most patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia (TN) benefit from medical therapy, for example carbamazepin, gabapentin, and pregabalin, individually or in combination. Nonetheless, some patients experience severe and intractable pain despite such medication, or the medication eliminates their pain but they experience intolerable side effects sufficient to warrant discontinuation. ⋯ All patients experienced sound pain relief after the combined intravenous infusion therapy. Two patients experienced short and mild dizziness after the therapy, but no severe side effects were reported.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialPreoperative peritonsillar infiltration of dexamethasone and levobupivacaine reduces pediatric post-tonsillectomy pain: a double-blind prospective randomized clinical trial.
Preoperative corticosteroids reduce post-tonsillectomy morbidities. The present study was performed to compare the effect of peritonsillar dexamethasone infiltration to intravenous injection together with peritonsillar levobupivacaine infiltration before tonsillectomy on postoperative pain in children. ⋯ Addition of dexamethasone to levobupivacaine for preoperative peritonsillar infiltration has better postoperative analgesic effects than i.v. dexamethasone combined with peritonsillar levobupivacaine infiltration in children.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2013
ReviewAnesthetic management of the patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with an incidence of 1.5-2.5 for 100 000 per year, is a rare but rapid progression neuromuscular degeneration disorder that poses unique perioperatively challenges to clinical anesthesiologists. The progressive degeneration of motor neurons causes a constellation of symptoms, including muscular weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, spasticity, and hyperreflexia. Therapeutic and experimental treatments, including riluzole, beta lactams, methylcobalamin, dexpramipexole, antiepileptics, antioxidant agents, neutrophin, antiinflammatory agents, and antiapoptosis drugs, are described. ⋯ Because of the inherent muscle weakness and associated respiratory insufficiency, certain precautions must be utilized during anesthetic care of ALS patients. In particular, certain neuromuscular agents are contraindicated and anesthetics that leave the body more rapidly present logical and attractive options in this population. A solid understanding of the disease process, therapeutic interventions, and anesthesia considerations are all paramount for the successful management of a patient with ALS in the perioperative setting.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialAntiemetic effect of naloxone in combination with dexamethasone and droperidol in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery.
We examined the effects of dexamethasone, droperidol, naloxone, and a combination of these three agents on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in female patients. ⋯ A combination of naloxone, droperidol, and dexamethasone was effective for preventing PONV in patients receiving fentanyl for postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic gynecological surgery, although further investigations are required to examine the effect of adding naloxone to other antiemetics.