Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2013
ReviewUltrasound-guided trunk and core blocks in infants and children.
Regional anesthetic techniques for perioperative analgesia in children are being increasingly utilized with the reported advantages of providing superior analgesia, decreasing opioid consumption, and reducing opioid-related adverse effects. The following article reviews the available literature regarding core and trunk blocks in infants and children; specifically, transversus abdominis plane, ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve, rectus sheath, lumbar plexus, and paravertebral and intercostal nerve blockade. ⋯ Additionally, the anatomy and techniques needed for their performance are reviewed. Finally, a summary of the relevant literature in relation to each peripheral nerve block technique is included.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyThe effect of alfentanil versus ketamine on the intubation condition and hemodynamics with low-dose rocuronium in children.
We investigated the effect of alfentanil and ketamine on the intubation condition and hemodynamic parameters during propofol anesthesia with low-dose rocuronium in children. ⋯ This study showed that both ketamine 0.5 mg/kg and alfentanil 20 μg/kg provided adequate intubation condition during propofol induction with low-dose rocuronium in children. The mean arterial pressure and heart rate were higher in the ketamine group after propofol injection but they remained within the normal limit in both groups throughout the study period.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of pretreatment with a small dose of dexmedetomidine on sufentanil-induced cough during anesthetic induction.
We aimed to investigate the effects of pretreatment with a small dose of dexmedetomidine on the cough caused by sufentanil during anesthetic induction. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine at 0.10, 0.25, and 0.50 μg/kg significantly reduced the incidence of sufentanil-induced cough during anesthetic induction, with the effect being most marked for 0.10 μg/kg dexmedetomidine.