Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2014
ReviewEpidural anesthesia and analgesia in the neonate: a review of current evidences.
The role of single shot spinal anesthesia has been established in ex-premature infants at risk of apnea. However, use of epidural anesthesia in neonates is on the rise. In this systematic analysis, we have reviewed the current evidence on the safety and efficacy of the use of single shot and continuous epidural anesthesia/analgesia in neonates. ⋯ Use of continuous epidural anesthesia through the caudal route or caudo-thoracic advancement of the catheter for major thoracic and abdominal surgery offers good perioperative analgesia. Other observed benefits are early extubation, attenuation of stress response, early return of bowel function and reduction of general anesthesia-related postoperative complications. However, risk of procedure-related and drug-related complications to the developing neural structure remains a serious concern.
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2014
Letter Case ReportsDexmedetomidine for postoperative Huntington's chorea.
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialIntrathecal ketorolac does not improve acute or chronic pain after hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.
Hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli following surgery has been reported in patients who subsequently develop chronic pain after surgery. In animals, peripheral injury increases prostaglandin production in the spinal cord, and spinal cyclooxygenase inhibitors reduce hypersensitivity after injury. We therefore tested the hypothesis that spinal ketorolac reduces hypersensitivity and acute and chronic pain after hip arthroplasty ( www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT 00621530). ⋯ The groups did not differ in acute pain, acute opioid use, or pain incidence or severity at 2 and 6 months after surgery. There were no serious adverse events. Our results suggest that a single spinal dose of ketorolac does not substantially reduce acute surgical pain and is thus unlikely to reduce the risk of persistent incisional pain.
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEvaluation of chest compression effect on airway management with air-Q(®), aura-i (®), i-gel (®), and Fastrack (®) intubating supraglottic devices by novice physicians: a randomized crossover simulation study.
In the 2010 American Heart Association guidelines, supraglottic devices (SGDs) such as the laryngeal mask are proposed as alternatives to tracheal intubation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Some SGDs can also serve as a means for tracheal intubation after successful ventilation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chest compression on airway management with four intubating SGDs, aura-i (aura-i), air-Q (air-Q), i-gel (i-gel), and Fastrack (Fastrack), during cardiopulmonary resuscitation using a manikin. ⋯ This simulation study revealed the utility of intubating SGDs for airway management during chest compression.
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2014
Interaction between rosuvastatin and rocuronium in rat sciatic-gastrocnemius nerve-muscle preparation.
Long-term use of rosuvastatin may be associated with myotoxicity. Statins are one of the groups commonly found to be associated with neuromuscular weakness. The present study was designed to investigate the interaction between rosuvastatin and rocuronium in vivo by using a sciatic-gastrocnemius nerve-muscle preparation of rat. ⋯ The neuromuscular blocking potency of rocuronium is increased and recovery is delayed in rats that pre-treated with rosuvastatin.