Journal of anesthesia
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyThe effects of nicardipine or esmolol on the onset time of rocuronium and intubation conditions during rapid sequence induction: a randomized double-blind trial.
The main aims of rapid sequence induction (RSI) are prompt and adequate muscle relaxation for tracheal intubation and hemodynamic stability during and after intubation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of nicardipine and esmolol on the action of rocuronium and intubation conditions during RSI. ⋯ Pretreatment with nicardipine for RSI improved intubation conditions and shortened the onset time of rocuronium and attenuated changes in MAP after intubation. Esmolol may disturb intubation conditions and the onset of action of rocuronium, despite being effective in alleviating responses of HR after RSI.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyUltrasound-guided continuous thoracic paravertebral block provides comparable analgesia and fewer episodes of hypotension than continuous epidural block after lung surgery.
Both paravertebral block (PVB) and thoracic epidural block (TEB) are recommended for postoperative pain relief after lung surgery. The addition of fentanyl to the anesthetic solution became popular for TEB because of the stronger effects; however, there have been few comparable trials about the addition of fentanyl to PVB. The purpose of this study was thus to compare postoperative analgesia, side effects, and complications between ultrasound-guided PVB (USG-PVB) and TEB with the addition of fentanyl to ropivacaine after lung surgery. ⋯ USG-PVB achieved similar pain relief and lowered the incidence of hypotension compared with TEB. We conclude that both blocks with the same concentration of ropivacaine and fentanyl can provide adequate postoperative analgesia for VATS.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparative study of dexmedetomidine and propofol as sole sedative agents for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing diagnostic cerebral angiography.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage is an acute neurological emergency requiring urgent confirmation of the diagnosis for planning definitive management. Due to altered consciousness, most patients require sedation for conducting this procedure smoothly. Currently, it is unclear if any one particular sedative drug has a favorable profile in patients undergoing cerebral angiography. The aim of this study was to compare the traditionally used sedative drug propofol with a newer alternative, dexmedetomidine, in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing cerebral angiography. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine appears to be superior to propofol as a sole sedative agent for sedation during cerebral angiography in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyThe effect of 0.5 L 6 % hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 versus 1 L Ringer's lactate preload on the hemodynamic status of parturients undergoing spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery using arterial pulse contour analysis.
Fluid loading attenuates the hypotensive response to spinal anesthesia (SA). This study aimed to compare the preload efficacy of 0.5 L hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus 1 L Ringer's lactate (R/L) in the prevention of hypotension after SA for elective cesarean delivery (CD). Assessment of maternal hemodynamic variables using FloTrac/Vigileo™ and neonatal outcome constituted secondary outcomes. ⋯ Preloading with 0.5 L HES 130/0.42 produced more stable hemodynamics compared to 1 L R/L solution in obstetric patients.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of tube-guided and guideless videolaryngoscope for tracheal intubation during chest compression in a manikin: a randomized crossover trial.
Previous studies have shown the utility of indirect glottis viewing videolaryngoscopes for tracheal intubation during chest compression, but the efficacy of a videolaryngoscope with tube guide has not been sufficiently validated. We compared the utility of two videolaryngoscopes, the KingVISION(®) (KingV) with or without tube guide blade and Pentax-AWS Airwayscope(®) (AWS), which contain tube guide function, during chest compressions on an adult manikin. ⋯ These findings suggest that the AWS and KingV-Guided devices are more effective than the KingV-Guideless for airway management with chest compressions in adult simulations, especially performed by novice doctors. The tube guide function may contribute to successful airway management during chest compression by the added videolaryngoscopy function.