Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2016
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyCuffed versus uncuffed endotracheal tubes in children: a meta-analysis.
Cuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs) have increasingly been used in small children. However, the use of cuffed ETTs in small children is still controversial. The goal of this meta-analysis is to assess the current evidence regarding the postextubation morbidity and tracheal tube (TT) exchange rate of cuffed ETTs compared to uncuffed ETTs in children. ⋯ Our study demonstrates that cuffed ETTs reduce the need for TT exchanges and do not increase the risk for postextubation stridor compared with uncuffed ETTs.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialCaudal extradural catheterization in pediatric renal transplant and its effect on perioperative hemodynamics and pain scoring: a prospective randomized study.
'Hockey stick incision' used in renal transplant is large enough to cause severe postoperative morbidity especially in pediatric recipients. Although epidural analgesia is known to be effective in pain control, the resulting sympathectomy might affect hemodynamics interfering with the transplant process. In our study, we evaluated the feasibility and safety of inserting an epidural catheter to the thoracic level via the caudal route, and the effect of using epidural local anesthetics at low concentrations on hemodynamics. ⋯ NCT02037802.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2016
Effect of carbamazepine or phenytoin therapy on blood level of intravenously administered midazolam: a prospective cohort study.
Dental treatment of intellectually disabled patients is frequently performed under general anesthesia or sedation. Many of these patients have epilepsy and are medicated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Carbamazepine (CBZ) and phenytoin (PHT) are known to promote the metabolism of midazolam, and the blood levels of midazolam in patients medicated with CBZ or PHT may be different from those in healthy individuals. ⋯ General anesthesia was achieved using midazolam, propofol, and remifentanil, and then the blood midazolam level was measured at 10, 30, and 60 min after intravenous midazolam administration. According to the results, the blood midazolam level was significantly lower in the mono and poly CBZ/PHT groups than in the control group. This finding suggests that intravenously administered midazolam may have a weaker effect in patients medicated with CBZ or PHT.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2016
Effect of curcumin (Curcuma longa extract) on LPS-induced acute lung injury is mediated by the activation of AMPK.
Curcumin, a biphenolic compound extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa), possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity. The present study investigated whether curcumin could increase 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in macrophages and modulate the severity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. ⋯ These results suggest that the protective effect of curcumin on LPS-induced acute lung injury is associated with AMPK activation.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2016
The efficacy of continuous subcostal transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia after living liver donation: a retrospective study.
Postoperative pain management for living liver donors has become a major concern as a result of the increasing number of living liver donations. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has been known to provide effective analgesia for abdominal surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided continuous subcostal TAP block as a part of a multimodal analgesic regimen in comparison with conventional intravenous (IV) fentanyl-based analgesia in living liver donors. ⋯ In conclusion, continuous subcostal TAP block provided an effective opioid-sparing analgesia for living liver donors.