Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialCombined intraoperative paracetamol and preoperative dexamethasone reduces postoperative sore throat: a prospective randomized study.
Postoperative sore throat (POST) after general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation is a common and undesirable complication. In this study, we evaluated the combined effects of paracetamol and dexamethasone on the prevention of POST in patients after general anesthesia. ⋯ Paracetamol and dexamethasone infusion reduced the incidence of POST without serious complications in patients for urologic surgery under general anesthesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyHydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 versus crystalloid co-loading during general anesthesia induction: a randomized controlled trial.
Hypotension and decreased cardiac output (CO) are common adverse effects during anesthesia induction depending on the patient's pre-anesthetic cardiac condition. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 to prevent hypotension and decreased CO during the induction of general anesthesia. ⋯ Co-loading using HES 130/0.4 prevented hypotension and decreased CO during general anesthesia induction.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Important role of calcium chloride in preventing carbon monoxide generation during desflurane degradation with alkali hydroxide-free carbon dioxide absorbents.
We investigated whether calcium chloride (CaCl2), a supplementary additive in carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbents, could affect carbon monoxide (CO) production caused by desflurane degradation, using a Japanese alkali-free CO2 absorbent Yabashi Lime®-f (YL-f), its CaCl2-free and 1% CaCl2-added derivatives, and other commercially available alkali-free absorbents with or without CaCl2. The reaction between 1 L of desflurane gas (3-10%) and 20 g of desiccated specimen was performed in an artificial closed-circuit anesthesia system for 3 min at 20 or 40 °C. The CO concentration was measured using a gas chromatograph equipped with a semiconductor sensor detector. ⋯ Compared with YL-f, the CaCl2-free derivative caused the production of significantly more CO, while the 1% CaCl2-added derivative caused the production of a comparable amount of CO. These phenomena were confirmed using commercially available absorbents AMSORB® PLUS, an alkali-free absorbent with CaCl2, and LoFloSorb™, an alkali-free absorbent without CaCl2. These results suggest that CaCl2 plays an important role in preventing CO generation caused by desflurane degradation with alkali hydroxide-free CO2 absorbents like YL-f.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of intravenous dexmedetomidine in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
This study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. ⋯ ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01864187), https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/LoginUser?ts=1&cx=-jg9qo4 .