Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyFosaprepitant versus droperidol for prevention of PONV in craniotomy: a randomized double-blind study.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after craniotomy. Vomiting may be a potentially hazardous complication in neurosurgical patients. We compared the efficacy of fosaprepitant and droperidol for the prevention of PONV, vomiting in particular, after craniotomy. ⋯ Based on the results, fosaprepitant was more effective than droperidol in the prevention of vomiting after craniotomy over the entire 72-h study period. However, there was no difference in the incidence of nausea and antiemetic use.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2017
Isoflurane decreases proliferation and differentiation, but none of the effects persist in human embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells.
Volatile anesthetics are a potential risk for cognitive impairment in the developing brain. Isoflurane causes cell death, reduces neurogenesis, and changes neuronal differentiation. In this study, the effects of a single isoflurane exposure on the developing human brain were evaluated using human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs). ⋯ Exposing NPCs to isoflurane hampered proliferation and differentiation but not neuronal survival. Isoflurane may be a powerful neuronal modulator during the early developmental period, partly mediated by activation of p75NTR.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2017
Independent risk factors for surgical site infection after cesarean delivery in a rural tertiary care medical center.
We aimed to determine the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) after cesarean delivery (CD) and identify the risk factors in a rural population. ⋯ Risk factors for SSI after CD included higher BMI, less years of education, higher prior births, tobacco use, prior diagnosis of hypertension, gestational diabetes, and emergency/STAT CD. The presence of ruptured membranes was protective against SSI.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2017
Effects of cardiac output on the initial distribution volume of glucose in the absence of fluid gain or loss in pigs.
The initial distribution volume of glucose (IDVG) has been reported to be a surrogate marker of cardiac preload. However, the relationship between cardiac output and IDVG is not fully understood. We investigated the effects of cardiac output on IDVG in the absence of fluid gain or loss in pigs.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2017
Case ReportsA suspected case of rocuronium-sugammadex complex-induced anaphylactic shock after cesarean section.
An anaphylactic reaction during a cesarean section occurs rarely, and rocuronium is thought to be one of the common agents causing perioperative anaphylaxis. Here we report an anaphylactic shock after cesarean section that is suggested to be induced by the rocuronium-sugammadex complex. A 36-year-old primigravida underwent an elective cesarean section under general anesthesia due to placenta previa. ⋯ We finally concluded that the rocuronium-sugammadex complex is the causative agent in this case. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report suggesting anaphylaxis caused by the rocuronium-sugammadex complex. This case highlights the importance of appropriate examinations to determinate the pathogenesis of anaphylaxis in order to establish risk reduction strategies.