Annals of medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Regional versus systemic dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to lidocaine for intravenous regional anaesthesia in healthy volunteers: a randomized crossover study.
Dexmedetomidine enhances the quality and duration of lidocaine intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA). However, the two administration routes have not been directly compared regarding effects on tourniquet tolerance time with lidocaine IVRA. Additionally, it remains unclear whether the prolonged tourniquet tolerance stems from the direct peripheral action of dexmedetomidine or indirect systemic analgesic effects. ⋯ The addition of regional dexmedetomidine to lidocaine prolonged tourniquet tolerance time in forearm IVRA to a greater extent compared to systemic dexmedetomidine in healthy volunteers.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of a single session of tDCS on cerebellum vs. motor cortex in stroke patients: a randomized sham-controlled trial.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a single session of trans-cranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the cerebellum and M1 has any advantages over one another or sham stimulation in terms of balance, gait and lower limb function. ⋯ In addition to Xbox Kinect-based rehabilitation training, a single session of anodal tDCS to the M1 or cerebellum may be beneficial for improving lower limb function, balance and gait performance.
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We conducted this umbrella review to review the current evidence on the relationship between COVID-19 and sexual health in both men and women. ⋯ Our findings highlight the importance of sexual health among COVID-19 patients and people affected due to COVID-19. Further critical studies should investigate the mechanism underlying the association between COVID-19 and sexual health.
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Review
Comprehensive review on the pathogenesis of hypertriglyceridaemia-associated acute pancreatitis.
It is well known, that the inflammatory process that characterizes acute pancreatitis (AP) can lead to both pancreatic damage and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). During the last 20 years, there has been a growing incidence of episodes of acute pancreatitis associated with hypertriglyceridaemia (HTAP). ⋯ The article comprehensively discusses the various pathological roles of free fatty acid, inflammatory response mechanisms, the involvement of microcirculation, serum calcium overload, oxidative stress and the endoplasmic reticulum, genetic polymorphism, and gut microbiota, which are known to trigger or escalate this condition. Future perspectives on HTAP appear promising, with ongoing research focused on developing more specific and effective treatment strategies.
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Introduction: Military soldiers comprised 1,195 million United States active-duty members and 778,000 reserve members in 9/2021. Soldiers are often exposed to drastic climates, environments, and living conditions which may make them more susceptible to cutaneous diseases. Methods: A PubMed search of studies published between 1/1/2002 - 8/30/2022, using MeSH terms: ((("Military Personnel"[Majr]) OR "Military Hygiene"[Majr])) OR "Military Medicine"[Majr]) AND "Skin Diseases"[Majr]), the reference lists of select articles, and other applicable sources were reviewed to identify articles on skin conditions affecting military soldiers and treatment options. ⋯ Conclusion: Dermatological conditions can considerably impact soldiers' wellbeing and military performance, often lead to evacuation of military personnel, and are associated with high financial costs. Cutaneous disease is one of most common reasons for soldiers to seek medical care and may cause significant morbidity. Serving in the military often impacts and limits treatment options.