Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2013
Clonidine induces sedation through acting on the perifornical area and the locus coeruleus in rats.
The main target site of action for the sedative clonidine (CLO), an α2 adrenoceptor agonist, has been considered to be the locus coeruleus (LC). However, previous reports suggest other sites of action of CLO than the LC. Our previous studies suggested that the neuronal activities in the perifornical area (Pef) could influence the sedative or the anesthetic level induced by anesthetics. Therefore, we examined whether microinjection of CLO into the Pef might induce sedation in rats. ⋯ The Pef and the LC are responsible for the sedative action of CLO in rats.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2013
Intracarotid Etomidate is a Safe Alternative to Sodium Amobarbital for the Wada Test.
The Wada procedure (the intracarotid amobarbital procedure) has been used widely to evaluate the hemispheric dominance of language and memory before temporal lobe surgery in patients with medically refractory seizures. Because of repeated shortage of sodium amobarbital, attempts have been made to find a suitable alternative to sodium amobarbital. The aim of our study was to review our experience with the use of etomidate as an alternative to sodium amobarbital for Wada testing in patients with medically refractory seizures. ⋯ From our experience, etomidate is a safe alternative to sodium amobarbital for the Wada test for determining the hemispheric dominance for speech and in predicting the memory outcome.