Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialHigher Dose Dexamethasone Increases Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction.
To investigate the effects of intravenous administration of dexamethasone on early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). ⋯ Administration of higher dose of dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg) increases the incidence of POCD in the early postoperative period after microvascular decompression under general anesthesia.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparing the Effects of Oral Clonidine Premedication With Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Anesthetic Requirement and Recovery From Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Major Spine Surgery.
Clonidine, an α2 agonist, has been used in anesthesia for many years to provide sedation, anxiolysis, analgesia, controlled hypotension, and to provide opioid-sparing anesthesia. Recently, there has been a great interest in using the newer α2 agonist, dexmedetomidine, because of its more selectivity toward α2 adrenoreceptors. We compared the effects of clonidine with dexmedetomidine on anesthetic requirement and recovery from anesthesia. ⋯ Both clonidine and dexmedetomidine have anesthetic-sparing effect; however, it was more with dexmedetomidine than with clonidine. Recovery from isoflurane anesthesia was similar between both groups. Both are equally effective in controlling the hemodynamic response and reducing the blood loss during spine surgery.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyTransesophageal Echocardiographic Evaluation of Left Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Function in Response to 20% Mannitol and 3% Hypertonic Saline Infusion in Neurosurgical Patients Undergoing Craniotomy.
Mannitol and hypertonic saline (HS) are routinely used during craniotomy. Both increase myocardial preload and reduce afterload, and may improve cardiac output. It is not currently known whether this results in an improvement in the global myocardial function. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of a single equiosmolar bolus of 20% mannitol (5 mL/kg) or 3% HS (5 mL/kg) on the global myocardial function by tissue Doppler-derived myocardial performance index (TD-MPI) in patients undergoing craniotomy. ⋯ Equiosmolar administration of 20% mannitol and 3% HS did not show any difference in global myocardial performance as measured by TD MPI.