European journal of internal medicine
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · Jan 2018
ReviewCancer immunotherapy-induced endocrinopathies: Clinical behavior and therapeutic approach.
Cancer immunotherapy has proven to be effective in a wide variety of tumors. The use of immune checkpoint blocking monoclonal antibodies has become a standard treatment regimen in some of them as advanced melanoma. ⋯ Among these are autoimmune endocrine adverse effects, such as hypophysitis, hypo and hyperthyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency. This review focuses on the most relevant and new aspects related to the incidence, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of these adverse effects associated with different types of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy.