Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Effects of hypothermia and hyperthermia on brain energy metabolism.
The influence of elevated and reduced body temperatures upon the metabolic state of the brain was evaluated from the tissue concentrations of phosphocreatine (PCr) ATP, ADP and AMP and from the concentrations of glucose, lactate and pyruvate in immobilized and artificially ventilated rats anesthetized with 70% N2O. The results were compared to the results obtained in normothermic animals. ⋯ At a body temperature of 42 degrees C, the metabolic pattern in the brain agreed with a state of hypoxia at a time when there was no sign of substrate depletion. Arterial blood showed excess lactate which may indicate an inadequacy of the oxygen supply also to other tissues.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
The effect of the short-acting barbiturate enibomal (Narcodorm) on systolic time intervals.
The systolic time intervals were studied in 16 surgical patients without heart disease between 29 and 75 years of age by a non-invasive technique before and after an induction dose of enibomal (Narcodorm). The pre-injection period/left ventricular ejection time-ratio (PEP/LVET-ratio) increased between 8 and 60% and (1/PEP-2) decreased between 3 and 50%, indicating a reduction of myocardial contractility under the influence of enibomal. Factors responsible for circulatory depression during barbiturate anaesthesia are discussed.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Effect of dihydroergotamine on perpheral circulation during epidural anaesthesia in man.
The effect of intravenous administration of dihydroergotamine (DHE) on regional blood flow in the forearm and calf after pharmacological nerve blockade of the lower body induced by epidural anaesthesia has been studied in 13 subjects. After anaesthesia, DHE induced a significant increase in blood flow in the forearm with intact innervation and a significant decrease in blood flow in the nerve-blocked calf. ⋯ In the intact forearm, local vascular resistance decreased. The results indicate that DHE exerts a complex effect on resistance vessels in addition to its well-known effect on the capacitance vessels.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Anesthesia for cesarean section II: effects of the induction-delivery interval on the respiratory adaptation of the newborn in elective cesarean section.
Ten healthy mothers and their infants were studied in connection with elective cesarean section. Anesthesia was induced with 250-300 mg hexobarbitone followed by 100 mg succinylcholine for endotracheal intubation. The surgeon started the operation when the eyelid reflex disappeared, and delivered the baby as quickly as possible. ⋯ At the interviews, two mothers complained of pain during skin incision, and two of nightmares. Anesthesia with barbiturate for cesarean section with the I-D intervals studied in both groups allowed good respiratory adaptation in the infants. There is, neverless, the need for an adequate period of time between induction and the start of the operation in order to minimize the risk for maternal awareness.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Complications to tracheostomy and long-term intubation: a follow-up study.
Hospital records of 79 patients treated with tracheostomy or long-term intubation from 1969 to 1971 were reviewed, and the 43 surviving patients were examined by laryngoscopy, x-ray and spirometry for complications subsequent to these treatments. Early complications included one tube occlusion and one case of postextubation stridor in each group, one dislocated tube, one bilateral pneumothorax, and one case of fatal innominate arterial hemorrhage in the tracheostomy group, and two cases of atelectasis in the long-term intubation group. ⋯ Late complications in surviving patients were prolonged hoarseness in six patients treated with prolonged intubation, two of whom had also had tracheostomy. Radiologically verified tracheal stenosis (40-60%), four at the stoma level and one at the cuff level, all occurred in the tracheostomy group.