Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAnaesthesia for short outpatient procedures. A comparison between thiopentone and propofol in combination with fentanyl or alfentanil.
We studied supplementation of propofol or thiopentone anaesthesia with 0.5 or 1.0 mg alfentanil or 0.05 or 0.1 mg fentanyl for minor gynaecological outpatient procedures. Four hundred patients scheduled for elective termination of pregnancy were randomly allocated to one of eight groups. Induction agent doses, peroperative complications, complaints about pain and emesis during the postoperative period, and time to discharge were studied. ⋯ The need for postoperative reserve analgesics was less in the alfentanil group (P < 0.05). We found, however, no major differences between the supplementations tested regarding the total dose of induction agent, emesis or time to discharge. Supplementation with 1.0 mg of alfentanil to propofol was found to be the best combination tested for short outpatient procedures.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1995
A prospective survey of postoperative nausea and vomiting with special regard to incidence and relations to patient characteristics, anesthetic routines and surgical procedures.
We performed a prospective study on 421 patients subjected to routine general-, orthopaedic-, urologic-, gynecological and paediatric surgery to estimate the current incidences of nausea and vomiting during the first 24 hours after surgery. The overall incidences of postoperative nausea or vomiting were 17% and 28%, respectively. Postoperative emetic symptoms were not related to age in adults. ⋯ Corresponding figures for orthopaedic surgery were 25% and 34%, other kinds of extra-abdominal surgery 18% and 32% and for laparoscopy 21% and 25%. After minor gynecological-, urological- and paediatric surgery the incidences were less than 20%. In conclusion female gender, balanced anaesthesia, lengthy duration of anaesthesia, and abdominal and orthopaedic operations appeared to be most frequently associated with postoperative emetic symptoms.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSevoflurane for ENT-surgery in children. A comparison with halothane.
Sevoflurane, a new volatile anesthetic agent, is of great potential interest in pediatric anesthesia. Its use for ENT surgery in children was compared with halothane in this study. Altogether 40 children participated in the investigation. ⋯ Initially, postoperative excitement occurred more often after sevoflurane, when paracetamol was given during anesthesia, which was reduced (P < 0.01) when paracetamol was given at the time for premedication. It is concluded that sevoflurane is an excellent induction agent, and maintains heart rate and systolic blood pressure better than when halothane is used. The incidence of cardiac arrhythmia is lower with sevoflurane than with halothane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)