Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialResidual neuromuscular block is a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications. A prospective, randomised, and blinded study of postoperative pulmonary complications after atracurium, vecuronium and pancuronium.
After anaesthesia involving pancuronium a high incidence of both residual neuromuscular block and postoperative pulmonary complications (POPC) has been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of POPC following the use of pancuronium, atracurium, and vecuronium, and to examine the effect of residual neuromuscular block on the incidence of POPC. ⋯ Postoperative residual block caused by pancuronium is a significant risk factor for development of POPC.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of inhalation inductions with xenon and sevoflurane.
Xenon is an odorless gas with low blood-gas solubility coefficient and without occupational and environmental hazards. This investigation was performed to evaluate the speed of induction, and respiratory and cardiovascular reactions to inhalation induction with xenon compared to an equianesthetic concentration of sevoflurane. ⋯ Xenon produced a faster induction of anesthesia without any complications than sevoflurane. Xenon had smaller decreases in tidal volume and respiratory rate during induction than sevoflurane. Xenon might offer an alternative to sevoflurane for an inhalation induction.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1997
A positron emission tomography study of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in healthy male volunteers anaesthetized with eltanolone.
The effects of eltanolone anaesthesia in humans on regional cerebral blood flow, regional cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen and oxygen extraction ratio were to be evaluated using positron emission tomography (PET). ⋯ Eltanolone anaesthesia was shown to reduce cerebral oxygen metabolism and cerebral blood flow in healthy volunteers. There were no signs of ischaemic effects.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1997
Comparative Study Clinical TrialRopivacaine 7.5 mg/ml for elective caesarean section. A clinical and pharmacokinetic comparison of 150 mg and 187.5 mg.
The new, long-acting local anaesthetic ropivacaine has shown less systemic toxicity than bupivacaine and a concentration of 7.5 mg/ml can therefore be used for epidural anaesthesia in Caesarean section. The present pilot study was undertaken to find indications for an optimal dosage by comparing the clinical effects, quality of anaesthesia and pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine 150 mg (lower dose = LD) vs 187.5 mg (higher dose = HD) for women undergoing elective Caesarean section under epidural anaesthesia. ⋯ 20-25 ml ropivacaine 7.5 mg/ml produced very satisfactory conditions for elective Caesarean section under epidural anaesthesia. In this small population, 150 mg ropivacaine seemed optimal, while 187.5 mg produced unnecessarily extended block height in 50% of the women.