Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1998
Spreading pattern of epidurally administered contrast medium in rabbits.
The aim of this study was to examine the precise spreading pattern of epidurally administered contrast medium with small increments of injection volume for determining both the exact volume of the dose required and the site of epidural injection according to different target segments of the spinal cord in a rabbit epidural model. ⋯ In rabbits, it is recommended that at the lower thoracic or lumbar segments the tip of the epidural catheter should be located 1-3 segments below the target segment because of more rostral spread. In the case of mid-thoracic segments, however, placement at the target segment is recommended. In addition, a small titration of volume to achieve a particular range of epidural spread should be required.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialUnilateral spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine.
The dosage of local anaesthetic and the time the patient must be kept in the lateral decubitus position for a unilateral spinal anaesthesia is not known. The aim of this study was to determine the ideal dosage of hyperbaric bupivacaine and the time required for the lateral decubitus position for a unilateral spinal block. ⋯ For unilateral spinal anaesthesia in lower extremity operations, 2ml 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine solution for operations above the knee and 1.5 ml 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine solution for operations below the knee and keeping the patients for 10 min in the lateral decubitus position were found to be appropriate.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPostdural puncture headache and transient neurologic symptoms in children after spinal anaesthesia using cutting and pencil point paediatric spinal needles.
In the last decade the use of spinal anaesthesia (SA) in paediatric anaesthesia has increased. In adults, pencil point spinal needles are supposed to be less traumatic and hence to be superior compared with cutting point needles in respect of postpuncture complaints. In children, the use of spinal needles with a special tip design have not been compared. The aim of this study was to study the clinical utility and postpuncture characteristics of four newly designed spinal needles in paediatric surgery. ⋯ SA using bupivacaine and the study needles produced smooth and safe anaesthesia for paediatric surgery with a high success rate. PDPH after SA is as common in children (5%) as in adults although most often mild and short lasting. SA using bupivacaine can cause transient radicular irritation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSurgeon's experience as a factor for emetic sequelae after middle ear surgery.
To test the hypothesis that an experienced surgeon is associated with less postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). ⋯ The patients operated by residents need more aggressive prophylaxis for PONV than those operated by specialists in middle ear surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialProphylactic antiemetic therapy with granisetron-dexamethasone combination in women undergoing breast surgery.
Dexamethasone decreases chemotherapy-induced emesis when added to an antiemetic regimen. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of granisetron-dexamethasone combination for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in female patients undergoing general anaesthesia for breast surgery. ⋯ Prophylactic use of granisetron-dexamethasone combination is more effective than granisetron alone for the prevention of PONV after breast surgery.