Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPrevention of nausea and vomiting in female patients undergoing breast surgery: a comparison with granisetron, droperidol, metoclopramide and placebo.
Breast surgery is associated with a relatively high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of granisetron, droperidol and metoclopramide for preventing PONV after breast surgery. ⋯ Granisetron is highly effective for reducing the incidence of PONV in female patients undergoing breast surgery. Droperidol and metoclopramide are ineffective in this population.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1998
Hypertonic saline and dextran in normovolaemic and hypovolaemic healthy volunteers increases interstitial and intravascular fluid volumes.
Hypertonic saline (HS) is increasingly used for fluid resuscitation in hypovolaemic patients. Although the effects of HS have been investigated in animal models, controlled studies in healthy human individuals are few. ⋯ HSD infusion resulted in increased calculated blood volume with increased HR, MAP, and CVP. These effects were greater in a hypovolaemic situation. The haemodilution was most likely caused by fluid shifts from the intracellular compartment to the interstitial and vascular fluid spaces, eventually increasing diuresis.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffects of propofol vs isoflurane on respiratory gas exchange during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Respiratory function and pulmonary gas exchange are affected in laparoscopic procedures where a pneumoperitoneum is introduced using CO2. Previous studies have shown differing results concerning pulmonary gas exchange during laparoscopic procedures: Whereas in patients undergoing isoflurane anaesthesia decreases in PaO2 are demonstrated, this factor remains unchanged in patients undergoing propofol anaesthesia. In the present study, the effects of propofol on pulmonary gas exchange were compared with those of isoflurane in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a prospective randomised manner. ⋯ This study demonstrates that pulmonary gas exchange in patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy is affected by the choice of anaesthetic procedure. During and after laparoscopic cholecystectomy using isoflurane as the anaesthetic, the PaCO2 is significantly higher and the PaO2 significantly lower than they are with propofol.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialHypertonic saline and dextran after coronary artery surgery mobilises fluid excess and improves cardiorespiratory functions.
Extracorporeal circulation induces increased capillary permeability with fluid leakage into the interstitial space, resulting in positive fluid balance and intravascular hypovolaemia. Hypertonic saline 75 mg.ml-1 in dextran 70, 60 mg.ml-1 (HSD) seems to be of benefit in patients with impaired perfusion. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of HSD infusion on fluid balance and cardiorespiratory functions just after the end of cardiac surgery. ⋯ The present study documents that infused hypertonic saline with dextran just after the end of cardiac surgery resulted in mobilisation of the intraoperative fluid excess with increased urine output in the early postoperative period and improved gas exchange. Despite reduced need for extra i.v. fluid and decreased cumulative fluid balance, after HSD infusion the patients had increased filling pressures of the heart with improved cardiac output.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIntravenous fluid and postoperative nausea and vomiting after day-case termination of pregnancy.
Deprivation of oral fluid before minor surgery has been alleged to cause postoperative nausea. We examined the effect of intraoperative fluid load on postoperative nausea and vomiting over 3 d after day-case termination of pregnancy. ⋯ Intraoperative fluid administration may offer some benefit in decreasing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting following day-case surgery.