Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe effects of tramadol on postoperative nausea, vomiting and headache after ENT surgery. A placebo-controlled comparison with equipotent doses of nalbuphine and pethidine.
Opioids given as adjuncts to balanced inhalational anaesthesia augment postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Tramadol, equipotent to pethidine, does not depress respiration, but can cause an increase in blood pressure and headache via its monoaminergic actions. Nalbuphine, ten times as potent as pethidine, has a ceiling respiratory depressant and ceiling analgesic effect at > 0.3 mg.kg-1. We compared the effects of equipotent doses of tramadol and nalbuphine (3.0 and 0.3 mg.kg-1, respectively) given as analgesic with induction of anaesthesia on emesis during recovery from anaesthesia and on PONV and headache until 24 h after ENT surgery, using saline (0.2 ml.kg-1) and an equipotent dose of pethidine (1.5 mg.kg-1) as controls. ⋯ It is concluded that tramadol, nalbuphine and pethidine have similar emetic effect in the doses and manner used, and that tramadol does not increase the incidence of post-operative headache when used as peroperative analgesic.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPain on injection of propofol: the mitigating influence of metoclopramide using different techniques.
Metoclopramide administered intravenously (i.v.) immediately before injection of propofol, after mixing with propofol, or after a rubber tourniquet for 1 min before propofol injection will reduce pain induced by propofol injection. In this study, these three different techniques in reducing propofol injection pain with metoclopramide were compared with lidocaine or saline to evaluate the most effective method in reducing propofol injection pain. ⋯ We conclude that i.v. retention of metoclopramide with tourniquet is as good as lidocaine and may be a useful alternative for reducing pain on propofol injection.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIntra-articular buprenorphine after knee arthroscopy. A randomised, prospective, double-blind study.
Demonstration of peripheral opioid receptors in inflamed synovia supports the concept of peripheral opioid analgesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of intra-articular administration of buprenorphine after knee arthroscopy. ⋯ Intra-articular buprenorphine and i.a. bupivacaine, both produced equally good postoperative pain control and allowed a significant reduction of analgesic requirement after knee arthroscopy.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA large simple randomized trial of rocuronium versus succinylcholine in rapid-sequence induction of anaesthesia along with propofol.
Rocuronium has an onset of action more rapid than other non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents, but it is unclear whether it and succinylcholine give equivalent intubating conditions during rapid-sequence induction of anaesthesia. We performed this study to answer the question--are there clinically relevant differences between the use of rocuronium and succinylcholine to secure acceptable intubating conditions during rapid-sequence induction of anaesthesia with propofol? ⋯ Rocuronium 1.0 mg/kg given along with propofol in a rapid-sequence induction of anaesthesia is clinically equivalent to succinylcholine 1.0 mg/kg.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of adenosine infusion on gastric emptying in healthy volunteers.
A low dose of systemic adenosine infusion has been shown to induce antinociception in clinical experimental studies as well as in patients. There is no clinical information about the effect of adenosine on the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of exogenous adenosine administration on gastric emptying in man. ⋯ The results demonstrate that adenosine in a clinically antinociceptive dose of 50 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 does not affect the rate of gastric emptying in healthy volunteers.