Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1999
Neuroprotective properties of propofol and midazolam, but not pentobarbital, on neuronal damage induced by forebrain ischemia, based on the GABAA receptors.
The mechanism of the neuroprotective effects of propofol was compared to two other types of intravenous (i.v.) anesthetics (i.e., benzodiazepine; midazolam and barbiturate; pentobarbital) using Mongolian gerbils focusing on GABA receptor subtypes. ⋯ These results indicate that activation of GABAA receptors, which include the specific binding subunits for propofol and midazolam, but not pentobarbital, plays a role in the inhibition of neuronal death induced by brain ischemia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1999
Clinical TrialPerioperative ST-segment depression and troponin T release. Identification of patients with highest risk for myocardial damage.
Patients undergoing major vascular surgery are at constant risk of developing perioperative myocardial complications, especially myocardial infarction. The following study was performed to answer the question whether ST segment changes, analysed by Holter monitoring and ST segment analysis, are accompanied by release of cardiac troponin T, a highly specific marker of myocardial damage. ⋯ Haemodynamic changes, oxygen imbalance and stress during major vascular surgery frequently lead to an ischaemic burden, which is indicated by ST segment changes during ECG ST analysis. Longlasting ST depression reaching an individual critical cut-off limit followed by structural myocardial damage may be verified by elevated levels of cardiac troponin T. Prolonged periods of ST depression should be followed by determination of cardiac troponin T.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1999
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyA review of recovery from sevoflurane anaesthesia: comparisons with isoflurane and propofol including meta-analysis.
Sevoflurane has a lower blood:gas partition coefficient than isoflurane and thus should be associated with a more rapid recovery from anaesthesia. ⋯ The observed differences between sevoflurane and isoflurane or propofol anaesthesia support the postulate that the use of sevoflurane is associated with a more rapid recovery from anaesthesia than either isoflurane or propofol.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPostoperative nausea and vomiting in children using patient-controlled analgesia: the effect of prophylactic intravenous dixyrazine.
Although patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with morphine provides a high degree of satisfactory postoperative analgesia in children, it is often associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Our aim in this study was to evaluate the prophylactic effect of dixyrazine, a phenothiazine with proven anti-emetic properties. ⋯ A significant number of children using PCA with morphine after major surgery experience PONV. Although prophylactic dixyrazine reduces the incidence and severity of vomiting, the incidence still remains high.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTopical wound anaesthesia in children--a temporary postoperative pain relief.
Administration of local anaesthetics into the surgical wound may modulate pain at the peripheral level. A previous study in adults has shown good analgesic effects of topical lidocaine in wounds after herniorrhaphy. ⋯ A very short and clinically insignificant pain relief is obtained following the administration of a lidocaine aerosol in the surgical wound. A low pain level in this model may limit the possibility to detect an effect of lidocaine.