Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIncidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting are similar after metoclopramide 20 mg and ondansetron 8 mg given by the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomies.
Ondansetron has a well documented antiemetic prophylactic effect, whereas in most studies of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), metoclopramide is less efficacious. This can be attributed to the short-lasting effect of metoclopramide when a low dose is given at the beginning of surgery. We wanted to test a 20-mg dose of metoclopramide given at the end of surgery, using ondansetron 8 mg as a reference. ⋯ Metoclopramide 20 mg i.v. given at the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy resulted in a similar incidence of PONV compared with ondansetron 8 mg. The patients receiving metoclopramide had less pain than the patients receiving ondansetron.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPost-operative analgesia following total knee replacement: an evaluation of the addition of an obturator nerve block to combined femoral and sciatic nerve block.
Femoral and sciatic nerve block may not provide complete post-operative analgesia following total knee replacement. This study was designed to evaluate whether the addition of an obturator nerve block to combined femoral and sciatic nerve block improves the quality of post-operative analgesia following primary total knee replacement. ⋯ The addition of an obturator nerve block to femoral and sciatic blockade improved post-operative analgesia following total knee replacement.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 2002
Construction and evaluation of a manikin for perioperative heat exchange.
During surgery hypothermia can be avoided only if the heat exchange between the body surface and the environment can be controlled. To allow a systematic analysis of this heat exchange, we constructed and evaluated a copper manikin of the human body. ⋯ The excellent correlation of hRC between the volunteers and the manikin will allow the manikin to be used for standardised studies of perioperative heat exchange.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 2002
The neck crease as a landmark of Chassaignac's tubercle in stellate ganglion block: anatomical and radiological evaluation.
Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is most commonly performed at the transverse process of the sixth cervical vertebra, the identification of which could be difficult in patients with short and wide necks. This study was conducted to evaluate whether the neck skin crease is a reliable indicator of the C6 level. ⋯ The studied means to identify the C6 transverse process was found to correlate well with each other (P<0.001). Since in 30% of cases the C6 process could not be identified by any of the studied means, radiological guidance is recommended in order to ensure optimal safety and efficacy of SGB in selected cases.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialChanges in serum S100beta protein and Mini-Mental State Examination after cold (28 degrees C) and warm (34 degrees C) cardiopulmonary bypass using different blood gas strategies (alpha-stat and pH-stat).
The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass temperature and blood gas management on the brain is still controversial. This study was designed to compare the changes in S100beta protein concentration and Mini-Mental State Examination in patients undergoing cold (28 degrees C) vs. warm (34 degrees C) cardiopulmonary bypass using different blood gas strategies (alpha-stat and pH-stat). ⋯ These results support the use of warm CPB (34 degrees C) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery regardless of the type of blood gas strategy.