Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialResistive load of laryngeal mask airway and ProSeal laryngeal mask airway in mechanically ventilated patients.
The ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway (PLMA) ventilation tube is narrower and shorter than the standard Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) and is without the vertical bars at the end of the tube. In this randomized, crossover study, PLMA and LMA resistances were compared. ⋯ The standard LMA offers a lower resistive load than the PLMA. Moreover, the fitting between the laryngeal masks and the larynx, as fiberoptically evaluated, plays a major role in determining the resistive properties of these devices.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialShould patients undergoing a bronchoscopy be sedated?
The techniques, drugs and depth of sedation for flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is controversial, and several reports consider that the routine use of sedation is not a prerequisite. We evaluate whether the addition of sedation with propofol improves patient tolerance, compared to local anesthesic of the airway only. ⋯ Our results show that if we administer propofol for sedation, in addition to local anesthesia of the airway, the tolerance to the procedure is much better. Also it appears that sedation with propofol is safe if we carefully select and monitor the patient.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDifferences among forced-air warming systems with upper body blankets are small. A randomized trial for heat transfer in volunteers.
Forced-air warming is known as an effective procedure in prevention and treatment of perioperative hypothermia. Significant differences have been described between forced-air warming systems in combination with full body blankets. We investigated four forced-air warming systems in combination with upper body blankets for existing differences in heat transfer. ⋯ Based on an estimated heat loss from the covered area of 38 W the heat balance is changed by 46.1 W to 55 W by forced-air warming systems with upper body blankets. Although the differences in heat transfer are significant, the clinical relevance of this difference is small.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effect of nitrous oxide on cerebral blood flow velocity in children anesthetized with propofol.
Propofol for maintenance of anesthesia by continuous infusion is gaining popularity for use in pediatric patients. Nitrous oxide (N2O) has been shown to increase cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in both children and adults. To determine the effects of N2O on middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (Vmca) during propofol anesthesia in children, Vmca was measured with and without N2O using transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography. ⋯ The effects of nitrous oxide on CBFV are preserved in children during propofol anesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCombined effects of prone positioning and airway pressure release ventilation on gas exchange in patients with acute lung injury.
Prone positioning has been shown to improve oxygenation in 60-70% of patients with acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Another way to improve matching of ventilation to perfusion is the use of partial ventilatory support. Preserving spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation has been shown to improve oxygenation in comparison with controlled mechanical ventilation. However, no randomized studies are available exploring the effects of preserved spontaneous breathing on gas exchange in combination with prone positioning. Our aim was to determine whether the response of oxygenation to the prone position differs between pressure-controlled synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation with pressure support (SIMV-PC/PS) and airway pressure release ventilation with unsupported spontaneous breathing (APRV). ⋯ APRV during prone positioning is feasible in the treatment of ALI patients. APRV after 24 h appears to enhance improvement in oxygenation in response to prone positioning.