Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2007
Dose effect of sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthetics on cortical blood flow during controlled hypotension in the pig.
The ability of the brain to preserve adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) during alterations in systemic perfusion pressure is of fundamental importance. At increasing concentrations, isoflurane and sevoflurane have been known to alter CBF, which may be disadvantageous for patients with increased intracranial pressure. The aim was to examine the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane at increasing minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) on CBF, during controlled hypotension. ⋯ In this experimental model, the effect of hypotension on CBF was not altered by the anesthetics used [isoflurane, sevoflurane (MAC 0.3-1.2) or propofol (10 mg x kg(-1)x h(-1))]. In this aspect (cortical tissue perspective), these volatile agents appear as suitable as propofol for neurosurgical anesthesia for patients at risk.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialSuperior anti-emetic efficacy of granisetron-dexamethasone combination in children undergoing middle ear surgery.
To compare the effectiveness of granisetron and a granisetron-dexamethasone combination for the prevention of post-operative vomiting in children undergoing middle ear surgery. ⋯ The prophylactic granisetron-dexamethasone combination was more effective than granisetron alone in the prevention of post-operative emesis during the first 24 h after anaesthesia in children undergoing middle ear surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialSplanchnic blood flow and oxygen consumption: effects of enteral nutrition and dopexamine in the elderly cardiac surgery patient.
After cardiac surgery, patients are at risk of organ dysfunction because of decreased perfusion. Different measures have been used to increase the splanchnic blood flow. We compared the effects of enteral nutrition and dopexamine on the cardiac output, splanchnic blood flow and oxygen consumption. ⋯ Dopexamine and enteral nutrition caused no adverse effects on oxygen consumption or the oxygen extraction ratio. Enteral nutrition did not increase the splanchnic blood flow or cardiac index. Dopexamine increased the systemic blood flow with only a transient effect on the splanchnic blood flow. Dopexamine increased the lactate concentration, possibly indicating a more ischaemic condition.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2007
Multicenter StudyTransfusion of red blood cells: no impact on length of hospital stay in moderately anaemic parturients.
In a search for information to improve decision making on red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, we examined the impact of RBC transfusion on the length of hospital stay for delivery in moderately anaemic women (haemoglobin, 7-10 g/dl). ⋯ The duration of admission for delivery in moderately anaemic parturients was longer than the average length of hospital stay in Finnish parturients. However, 1-2 RBC units had no impact on the length of stay, suggesting that unnecessary RBCs are transfused after delivery. Thus, transfusion practices in obstetrics are not always optimal.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2007
Management of incomplete regional anaesthesia in Germany: results of a nation-wide survey.
Regional anaesthesia (RA) provides well-defined benefits with known attendant risks. However, incomplete blockade may introduce unanticipated risks depending on the compensatory measures employed. Until now, no data were available characterizing the pattern of response of German anaesthesiologists in this situation. This study analyses interventions in response to incomplete RA in a nation-wide setting. ⋯ In Germany, anaesthesiologists manage incomplete RA using a widespread spectrum of measures. Some might introduce specific risks, which potentially outweigh the benefits of RA in comparison to GA techniques.