Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Endoscopic sinus surgery is commonly performed and has a low risk of major complications. Intraoperative bleeding impairs surgical conditions and increases the risk of complications. Remifentanil appears to produce better surgical conditions than other opioid analgesics, and total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol may provide superior conditions to a volatile-based technique. ⋯ The use of a laryngeal mask may be associated with improved surgical conditions and a smoother emergence. It provides airway protection equivalent to that provided by an endotracheal tube in well-selected patients, but offers less protection from gastric regurgitation. Post-operatively, multimodal oral analgesia provides good pain relief, while long-acting local anaesthetics have been shown not to improve analgesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyExposure to anaesthetic trace gases during general anaesthesia: CobraPLA vs. LMA classic.
To prospectively investigate the performance, sealing capacity and operating room (OR) staff exposure to waste anaesthetic gases during the use of the Cobra perilaryngeal airway (CobraPLA) compared with the laryngeal mask airway classic (LMA). ⋯ Despite higher airway seal pressures, the CobraPLA caused higher intraoperative N(2)O trace concentrations in the anaesthetists' breathing zone.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialSpectral entropy monitoring allowed lower sevoflurane concentration and faster recovery in children.
Anesthetic titration using spectral entropy monitoring reduces anesthetic requirements and shortens recovery in adult surgical patients. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of entropy monitoring on end-tidal sevoflurane concentration and recovery characteristics in pediatric patients undergoing sevoflurane anesthesia. ⋯ Compared with standard practice, we found that entropy-guided anesthetic administration was associated with a reduced sevoflurane concentration and a slightly faster emergence and recovery in 3-12-year-old children.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2010
Multicenter StudyLactate concentrations in the rectal lumen in patients in early septic shock.
Previously, we observed that rectal luminal lactate was higher in non-survivors compared with survivors of severe sepsis or septic shock persisting >24 h. The present study was initiated to further investigate this tentative association between rectal luminal lactate and mortality in a larger population of patients in early septic shock. ⋯ In this prospective, observational study of unselected patients with early septic shock, there was no difference in the concentration of lactate in the rectal lumen between non-survivors and survivors.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialNorepinephrine causes a pressure-dependent plasma volume decrease in clinical vasodilatory shock.
Recent experimental studies have shown that a norepinephrine-induced increase in blood pressure induces a loss of plasma volume, particularly under increased microvascular permeability. We studied the effects of norepinephrine-induced variations in the mean arterial pressure (MAP) on plasma volume changes and systemic haemodynamics in patients with vasodilatory shock. ⋯ Norepinephrine causes a pressure-dependent decrease in the plasma volume in patients with vasodilatory shock most likely caused by transcapillary fluid extravasation.