Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of different mean arterial pressure targets on plasma volume, ANP and glycocalyx - A randomised trial.
Arterial haematocrit (Hct) has been shown to decrease after anaesthesia induction, most probably because of an increased plasma volume (PV). The primary objective was to quantify change in PV if mean arterial pressure (MAP) was kept at baseline level or allowed to decrease to 60 mm Hg. Our secondary objective was to evaluate underlying mechanisms of this response. ⋯ Allowing mean arterial pressure to fall to 60 mm Hg during anaesthesia induction, increases the plasma volume due to reabsorption of interstitial water, with no ANP-induced degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 2021
Observational StudyEvaluation of the factors related to difficult ultrasound-guided radial artery catheterization in small children: A prospective observational study.
Although ultrasound guidance has significantly improved the success rate of radial artery catheterization, the failure rate in children is still high. For the further improvement of success rate, we prospectively evaluated the factors that make ultrasound-guided radial artery catheterization difficult in children under two years old. ⋯ A cross-sectional area of ≤ 1 mm2 and the presence of an anomalous branch of radial artery significantly increased the difficulty of ultrasound-guided radial artery catheterization in children under two years old. In patients of these ages, pre-procedural ultrasound scanning to find an optimal site for catheterization may increase the first-attempt success rate although further studies are needed to verify our results.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of thermal softening of endotracheal tubes on postoperative sore throat: A randomized double-blinded trial.
Postoperative throat complications after intubation are undesirable but frequent outcomes. A randomized, double-blinded study was performed to determine whether thermal softening of endotracheal tubes reduced throat complications after intubation. ⋯ Intubation using endotracheal tubes with thermal softening significantly decreased the incidence of sore throat 1 hour after extubation when compared with endotracheal tubes without thermal softening.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 2021
Clinical TrialThe 90% effective dose of intranasal dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation in children with congenital heart disease before and after surgery: a biased-coin design up-and-down sequential allocation trial.
Intranasal dexmedetomidine can provide adequate sedation during short procedures. However, there are few reports investigating the effective dose of intranasal dexmedetomidine for sedation in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) before and after surgery. ⋯ The 90% effective dose of intranasal dexmedetomidine for sedation in children with CHD was 2.13 μg/kg before cardiac surgery and 3.51 μg/kg after cardiac surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 2021
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyThe effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on endothelial function after hip fracture surgery.
Endothelial dysfunction seems to play a role in the pathophysiology of myocardial injury after surgery. The aim of this randomised clinical trial was to examine whether remote ischaemic preconditioning in relation to hip fracture surgery ameliorates post-operative systemic endothelial dysfunction. ⋯ No beneficial effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on the systemic endothelial dysfunction, assessed at a single time point on post-operative day one, was detected after hip fracture surgery.