Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Genetic skeletal disorders (GSDs) are a heterogeneous group characterized by an intrinsic abnormality in growth and (re-)modeling of cartilage and bone. A large subgroup of GSDs has additional involvement of other structures/organs beside the skeleton, such as the central nervous system (CNS). CNS abnormalities have an important role in long-term prognosis of children with GSDs and should consequently not be missed. ⋯ A wide spectrum of morphological abnormalities is associated with GSDs. Early diagnosis of CNS involvement is important in the management of children with GSDs. This pattern-recognition approach aims to assist and guide physicians in the diagnostic work-up of CNS involvement in children with GSDs and their management.
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The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECTS) leptomeningeal collaterals score on CT-angiography helps in prognosticating functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis. We evaluated whether a simplified topological ASPECTS collaterals scoring could serve as a rapid biomarker for early prediction in thrombolyzed AIS patients. ⋯ Good collaterals in the M5 region are associated with good functional outcome. Addition of this simple neuroimaging tool to the pretreatment NIHSS may serve as a reliable biomarker for prognosis.
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We aim to evaluate clinical features and transcranial Doppler (TCD) elements, as predictors of the development of ischemic events (IEs) in patients suffering from spontaneous carotid arterial dissection without stroke (CCADW). ⋯ TCD can identify a subgroup of patients with CCADW who are at high risk of IE.
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Comparative Study
A Compararison of Magnetization Transfer Methods to Assess Brain and Cervical Cord Microstructure in Multiple Sclerosis.
Demyelination is a core pathological feature of multiple sclerosis (MS) and spontaneous remyelination appears to be an important mechanism for repair in the disease. Magnetization transfer ratio imaging (MTR) has been used extensively to evaluate demyelination, although limitations to its specificity are recognized. MT saturation imaging (MTsat) removes some of the T1 dependence of MTR. We have performed a comparative evaluation of MTR and MTsat imaging in a mixed group of subjects with active MS, to explore their relative sensitivity to pathology relevant to explaining clinical outcomes. ⋯ This study extends prior work relating atrophy and lesion load with disability, by characterization of MTsat parameters. MTsat is practical in routine clinical applications and may be more sensitive to tissue damage than MTR for both brain and cervical spinal cord.
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Quantification of changes in optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) using ocular sonography (OS) constitutes an elegant technique for estimating intracranial and intraspinal pressure. Aortic aneurysm repair (AAR) is associated with a reasonable risk of increased spinal fluid pressure, which is largely dependent on the extent of aneurysm repair (supra- vs. infrarenal). The aim of this study was to compare ONSD measurements in patients with suprarenal AAR (sAAR) or infrarenal AAR (iAAR). ⋯ ONSD changes seem to be a reliable marker to estimate spinal perfusion. Since OS provides a suitable bedside tool for rapid reevaluation, it may guide physicians in the identification and treatment of patients at high risk for spinal cord ischemia.