Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Imaging-based selection of stroke patients for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) remains an ongoing challenge. Our aim was to determine the value of a combined parameter of ischemic core volume (ICV) and the relative degree of cerebral blood flow in the penumbra for morphologic and clinical outcome prediction. ⋯ In EVT-treated stroke patients, pw-ICV outperforms the more commonly used ICV in the prediction of morphological and functional outcome.
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Clinicians involved with different aspects of the care of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and scientists with expertise on clinical and imaging techniques convened in Dallas, TX, USA on February 27, 2019 at a North American Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis Cooperative workshop meeting. The aim of the workshop was to discuss cardinal pathobiological mechanisms implicated in the progression of MS and novel imaging techniques, beyond brain atrophy, to unravel these pathologies. Indeed, although brain volume assessment demonstrates changes linked to disease progression, identifying the biological mechanisms leading up to that volume loss are key for understanding disease mechanisms. ⋯ Regarding PET, the panel agreed upon its utility to identify ongoing pathological processes. However, due to costs, required expertise, and the use of ionizing radiation, PET was not considered to be a viable option for ongoing care of persons with MS. Collaborative efforts fostering robust study designs and imaging technique standardization across scanners and centers are needed to unravel disease mechanisms leading to progression and discovering medications halting neurodegeneration and/or promoting repair.
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To investigate the preferred location of intracranial hemangiopericytomas (IHPCs) with voxel-based mapping and 3-dimensional reconstruction from MRI data. ⋯ This is the first voxel-based study to explore the predilection site of IHPCs. Our study suggests that these tumors commonly affect the posterior cranial cavity, adjoining the tentorium and venous sinus. Further research is needed to investigate the possible factors underlying these topographic preferences.
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The process of myelination starts in utero around 20 weeks of gestation and continues through adulthood. We first set out to characterize the maturation of the tract-specific myelin content in healthy subjects from childhood (7-12 years) into adulthood (18-32 years). Second, we apply the resulting development graph to children with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), a pediatric epilepsy that was previously characterized by changes in myelin content. ⋯ These results indicate that CAE is associated with widespread neurodevelopmental myelin differences.
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Early white matter (WM) changes and cortical atrophy in Huntington's disease (HD) are often evident before disease onset and extend through the brain during manifest stages. The trajectory of these brain abnormalities in symptomatic stages remains relatively unexplored. The aim of this study is to investigate how the pattern of WM and gray matter (GM) alterations progress over time. ⋯ This study showed broad GM and WM abnormalities in manifest HD patients. Reductions in FA and cortical thinning correlated significantly with the disturbances of motor and cognitive processing that describe HD. Follow-up assessment showed that the CC is compromised in the absence of detectable GM changes or motor decline, suggesting it plays an important role in disease progression.