Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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To determine whether cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (cALD) or brain irradiation in patients with primary brain tumor affects T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) signal intensity (SI) of the dentate nucleus (DN) in a pediatric cohort who had received consecutive macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent (mcGBCA) gadobutrol. ⋯ Hyperintense T1WI signal in the DN may be seen in children with brain tumors undergoing brain irradiation, as well as in children with cALD.
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Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most prevalent cause of degenerative dementia next to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Though current DLB diagnostic criteria employ several indicative biomarkers, relative preservation of the medial temporal lobe as revealed by structural MRI suffers from low sensitivity and specificity, making them unreliable as sole supporting biomarkers. In this study, we investigated how a deep learning approach would be able to differentiate DLB from AD with structural MRI data. ⋯ Our results confirmed that the deep learning method with gray matter images can detect fine differences between DLB and AD that may be underestimated by the conventional method.
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We aimed to assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the differentiation of small aneurysms versus infundibular dilations (IDs) at the internal carotid artery-posterior communicating artery (ICA-PComA) junction, emphasizing the role of MRA axial source images. ⋯ MRA is a useful imaging modality for distinguishing between aneurysm and ID at the ICA-PComA junction. Furthermore, geometric parameters on MRA axial source images can provide added value in their differentiation.
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Rabies encephalitis is a near-fatal zoonotic disease that is usually diagnosed on clinical grounds in conjunction with characteristic history. Owing to its rapidly progressive nature, imaging is seldom performed, and hence a description of imaging findings in rabies encephalitis is anecdotal and limited. ⋯ Knowledge of the broad imaging spectrum of rabies may expedite the diagnosis, especially the paralytic form, which is prone to clinical misdiagnosis as Guillain-Barre syndrome or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential in the diagnosis of pharmacoresistant epilepsy (PRE), because patients with lesions detected by MRI have a better prognosis after surgery. Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is one of the most frequent etiologies of PRE but can be difficult to identify by MRI. Voxel-based morphometric analysis programs, like the Morphometric Analysis Program (MAP), have been developed to help improve MRI detection. Our objective was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of MAP in patients with PRE and an apparently normal MRI. ⋯ MAP was helpful in the detection of lesions in PRE patients with a nonlesional MRI, which could have important repercussions for the clinical management and postoperative prognosis of these patients.