Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Evidence from animal models and examination of human epilepsy surgery specimens indicates that inflammation plays an important role in epilepsy. Positron emission tomography (PET) using [C11]PK11195, a marker of activated microglia, provides a means to visualize neuroinflammation in vivo in humans. We hypothesize that in patients with active epilepsy, [C11]PK11195 PET (PK-PET) may be able to identify areas of focally increased inflammation corresponding to the seizure onset zone. ⋯ PK-PET can identify neuroinflammation associated with subtle focal cortical dysplasia, and may therefore have a clinical role in guiding epilepsy surgery for patients with difficult-to-localize seizure foci.
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Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is an increasingly recognized acute cerebrovascular condition that may produce myriad transient and sustained neurologic deficits as well as a host of radiologic features. We report the case of a woman with RCVS and a severe clinical syndrome with bilateral basal ganglia hemorrhages, cerebral infarctions, and marked vascular abnormalities. The patient made a near complete clinical recovery, representing an extreme and illustrative form of RCVS.
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Cerebral coenurosis due to Taenia multiceps is a rare infection with no case reports from India. A 55-year-old male patient had presented with progressive symptoms of hemiparesis of 1-year duration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the lesion was performed that showed a septated cystic lesion in left parieto-occipital lobe. ⋯ MRS showed mildly elevated choline (Cho), depressed creatine (Cr), and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), a large peak of lactate, pyruvate, and acetate peaks. To best of our knowledge, there has been no reported case of in vivo proton MRS finding ever reported. We present MRS findings in this operatively proven case of T. multiceps cyst of the brain.
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To prospectively evaluate longitudinal changes in white matter lesions (WMLs) in migraineurs with aura, by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to correlate WMLs modifications with patients' clinical characteristics. ⋯ Our study demonstrates that in migraine with aura WMLs number can progress over time and suggests an association between aura features and WMLs progression. Studies with a higher number of patients are required to confirm these findings.
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Comparative Study
Contribution of high-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging in determination of brain ischemia in transient ischemic attack patients.
High-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (b = 2,000 and b = 3,000 second/mm(2)) offers theoretical advantages over DWI examinations at b = 1,000 second/mm(2) for detection of acute ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine whether high-b-value DWI are better than b = 1,000 images in TIA patients. ⋯ High-b-value DWI did not improve the conspicuity and distinction of the ischemic lesions.