International journal of obstetric anesthesia
-
Int J Obstet Anesth · Feb 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyBacterial contamination of saline used for epidural procedures in an obstetric setting: a randomised comparison of two drawing-up techniques.
There is little evidence to inform practice regarding the optimum aseptic technique of drawing up saline for epidural insertion. Our regional practice is to draw up saline from a non-sterile packaged plastic ampoule, therefore introducing the risk of bacterial contamination. Usually, the anaesthetist draws up saline directly from the vial held by an assistant using a needle (needle technique). Alternatively, the saline vial is emptied onto a sterile tray by an assistant and then drawn up by the anaesthetist (tray technique). We hypothesised that the latter will lead to an increase in the number of contaminated saline samples as they are exposed to the environment. ⋯ The difference in the saline contamination rate between the two techniques did not reach statistical significance. As bacterial contamination occurred with both techniques, we recommend using sterile saline pre-packaged in the epidural tray or individually wrapped sterile glass saline ampoules.
-
Int J Obstet Anesth · Feb 2017
Case ReportsUse of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine in a Jehovah's Witness with life-threatening anemia following postpartum hemorrhage.
We present a case of a Jehovah's Witness patient who refused blood products, with the exception of albumin and clotting factors, and underwent cesarean section under spinal anesthesia complicated by postpartum hemorrhage. She was fluid resuscitated and treated with multiple uterotonics and internal iliac artery embolization. Because of agitation she required emergency tracheal intubation. ⋯ On postoperative day eight her hemoglobin concentration was 7mg/dL, she was hemodynamically stable and vasopressors were discontinued. She was extubated and discharged from the intensive care unit on postoperative day eight. This report highlights the multiple modalities used in treating a severely anemic patient who refused blood, the use of an investigational new drug, the process of obtaining this drug via the United States Food and Drug Administration emergency expanded access regulation for single patient clinical treatment, and ethical dilemmas faced during treatment.
-
Int J Obstet Anesth · Feb 2017
Prediction of hypotension during spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section by altered heart rate variability induced by postural change.
Maternal hypotension is a common complication during cesarean section performed under spinal anesthesia. Changes in maternal heart rate with postural changes or values of heart rate variability have been reported to predict hypotension. Therefore, we hypothesized that changes in heart rate variability due to postural changes can predict hypotension. ⋯ The postural change test with heart rate variability analysis may be used to predict the risk of hypotension during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.