Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCerebral blood flow velocity in children anaesthetized with desflurane.
Desflurane allows for rapid emergence and changes in depth of anaesthesia which makes it especially suitable for neuroanaesthesia. This study was designed to determine the effects of different desflurane concentrations on cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in healthy children. ⋯ Desflurane in concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5 MAC in children increases CBFV significantly when compared with 0.5 MAC. These changes were associated with a significant increase in HR and decrease in MAP.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Case ReportsThe prolonged use of the laryngeal mask airway in a neonate with airway obstruction and Treacher Collins syndrome.
Upper airway obstruction and difficult tracheal intubation are often encountered in patients with Treacher Collins syndrome (mandibulofacial dysostosis). In this case report, the use of a laryngeal mask airway (LMATM) in a 10-day-old newborn with severe Treacher Collins syndrome and acute airway obstruction is described. ⋯ The difficult decisions with respect to the management of the airway and specifically the role of the laryngeal mask are described. In our opinion, in some newborns with severe mandibulofacial disorders and upper airway obstruction, where conservative airway management procedures have failed, the laryngeal mask can be considered not only to relieve the obstruction but also to buy time until there is full insight into the medical condition and its consequences.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDolasetron for the prevention of postoperative vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery.
Children undergoing strabismus surgery have a high incidence of postoperative vomiting (POV). The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of dolasetron for the prevention of emesis comparing a single 0.35 mg.kg-1 or 12.5 mg dose with placebo. ⋯ There was no statistical difference between the 0.35 mg.kg-1 dose and the fixed 12.5 mg dose of dolasetron with both reducing the incidence of POV.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of systemic and epidural morphine on antidiuretic hormone levels in children.
Although the use of opioids during general anaesthesia suppresses stress response to surgery and pain, the effects on antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are controversial. The aim of this study was to find the effects of morphine with either intravenous infusion or epidural route on ADH and other stress hormones. ⋯ Despite the effective pain therapy and suppression of cortisol and insulin response to surgical stimulus, the increase in ADH secretion is not effected by systemic or epidural morphine administration.