Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDose response study of caudal neostigmine for postoperative analgesia in paediatric patients undergoing genitourinary surgery.
Neostigmine given through the neuraxial route has been found to have analgesic properties. In this clinical trial, we evaluated for the first time the efficacy of a varying dose of caudal neostigmine for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing genitourinary surgery. ⋯ Caudal neostigmine in the dose range of 20-50 microgram.kg-1 provides dose dependent analgesia. However, dose exceeding 30 microgram.kg-1 is associated with a higher incidence of nausea and vomiting.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDolasetron for the prevention of postoperative vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery.
Children undergoing strabismus surgery have a high incidence of postoperative vomiting (POV). The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of dolasetron for the prevention of emesis comparing a single 0.35 mg.kg-1 or 12.5 mg dose with placebo. ⋯ There was no statistical difference between the 0.35 mg.kg-1 dose and the fixed 12.5 mg dose of dolasetron with both reducing the incidence of POV.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of systemic and epidural morphine on antidiuretic hormone levels in children.
Although the use of opioids during general anaesthesia suppresses stress response to surgery and pain, the effects on antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are controversial. The aim of this study was to find the effects of morphine with either intravenous infusion or epidural route on ADH and other stress hormones. ⋯ Despite the effective pain therapy and suppression of cortisol and insulin response to surgical stimulus, the increase in ADH secretion is not effected by systemic or epidural morphine administration.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCerebral blood flow velocity in children anaesthetized with desflurane.
Desflurane allows for rapid emergence and changes in depth of anaesthesia which makes it especially suitable for neuroanaesthesia. This study was designed to determine the effects of different desflurane concentrations on cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in healthy children. ⋯ Desflurane in concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5 MAC in children increases CBFV significantly when compared with 0.5 MAC. These changes were associated with a significant increase in HR and decrease in MAP.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPerioperative anxiety and postoperative behavioural disturbances in children undergoing intravenous or inhalation induction of anaesthesia.
There are few published data comparing the psychological effects of intravenous (i.v.) and inhalation methods of anaesthesia induction in children. In the present study, we compared perioperative anxiety and postoperative behavioural changes in children undergoing standardized i.v. induction with thiopental and inhalation induction with sevoflurane for routine ear, nose and throat surgery. ⋯ Although children were more anxious during i.v. induction than inhalation induction, there was no difference in the incidence of behavioural disturbances in the first 2 weeks postoperatively.