Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of end-tidal carbon dioxide level on the optic nerve sheath diameter measured by transorbital ultrasonography in anesthetized pediatric patients: a randomized trial.
Intraoperative hypercapnia and hypocapnia are common during pediatric anesthesia, and the cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure may be affected by the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide. Transorbital ultrasound measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter is a simple and non-invasive method for intracranial pressure assessment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ET CO2 ) on optic nerve sheath diameter in a healthy anesthetized pediatric population. ⋯ The optic nerve sheath diameter measured by transorbital ultrasound showed rapid reactivity from ET CO2 35 to 45 mmHg in healthy pediatric patients under inhalation general anesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialComparison of the Success with Two Bending Angles for Lighted stylet Intubation in Children: A Prospective Randomised Study.
The bend angle of a lighted stylet is an important factor for successful orotracheal intubation. The aim of this study was to test the differences in the success of endotracheal intubation using lighted stylet with 70° versus 90° bend angles in children aged 4-6 years with normal airways. ⋯ Lighted stylet intubation with a 90° bend angle improved the first-attempt success rate and reduced esophageal intubation in children aged 4-6 years with normal airways.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialSingle bolus dexmedetomidine versus propofol for treatment of pediatric emergence delirium following general anesthesia.
Pediatric emergence delirium is a psychomotor disorder occurring in the early postanesthetic stage. There is no clear consensus regarding its treatment; however, dexmedetomidine and propofol have both been shown to be effective. ⋯ A single bolus of 0.5 μg.kg-1 of dexmedetomidine was more effective than a single bolus of 1 mg.kg-1 of propofol in treating emergence delirium during the early postanesthetic stage.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialSugammadex for reversal of neuromuscular blockade in pediatric patients: Results from a phase IV randomized study.
Few randomized studies have assessed recovery from rocuronium- or vecuronium-induced moderate or deep neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex in pediatric participants. ⋯ NCT03351608/EudraCT 2017-000692-92.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of oxygen concentration on atelectasis formation during induction of general anesthesia in children: A prospective randomized controlled trial.
In adults, the use of lower oxygen concentration during induction is associated with less atelectasis formation without an increase in incidence of hypoxia. However, it is unknown whether this remains true in the pediatric patients. ⋯ Lower oxygen concentration during anesthetic induction is associated with less atelectasis formation immediately after anesthetic induction in children. In addition, applying 80% oxygen instead of 100% oxygen is not enough to prevent atelectasis formation, and 60% oxygen should be applied to prevent atelectasis. However, this effect does not last until the end of surgery.