Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialLevobupivacaine-tramadol combination for caudal block in children: a randomized, double-blinded, prospective study.
The aim of this prospective study was to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy and duration of analgesia after caudal levobupivacaine 0.125% or caudal tramadol 1.5 mg.kg(-1) and mixture of both in children undergoing day-case surgery. ⋯ Addition of tramadol increased the duration of analgesia produced by caudal levobupivacaine in children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Prescriptions of opioids to children and adolescents; a study from a national prescription database in Norway.
Analgesics are among the groups of drugs most frequently prescribed to children and adolescents. The prevalence of opioid use in children and adolescents is, however, not known. ⋯ The 1-year periodic prevalence of opioid use in Norwegian children and adolescents is only one-sixteenth of the previously reported prevalence in the Norwegian adult population. Children and adolescents primarily receive opioids for acute pain.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of a 3 : 1 volume mixture of propofol 1% and thiopental 2.5% in reducing the pain on injection of propofol in children.
In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, our primary objective was to assess the effect of a 3 : 1 mixture of propofol and thiopental in reducing pain on injection in children. Our hypothesis was that a 3 : 1 mixture of propofol and thiopental (treatment) would reduce the incidence of pain on injection to 20% compared to the expected incidence of 40% in the control group of an 11 : 1 mixture of propofol and 2% lidocaine. ⋯ There was not sufficient evidence to show that a 3 : 1 mixture of propofol and thiopental was better than an 11 : 1 volume admixture of propofol and lidocaine in reducing the incidence of pain on injection to 20%.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of intrathecal fentanyl on quality of spinal anesthesia in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair.
The effect of intrathecal fentanyl on the characteristics of spinal anesthesia has not been investigated in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the incidence and severity of pain during peritoneal sac traction is decreased by addition of fentanyl to bupivacaine in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair with spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Intrathecal fentanyl at a dose of 0.2 microg.kg(-1) added to bupivacaine significantly improves the quality of intraoperative analgesia and prolongs postoperative analgesia in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair with spinal anesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Comparative StudyA comparison of bonfils fiberscope-assisted laryngoscopy and standard direct laryngoscopy in simulated difficult pediatric intubation: a manikin study.
Difficult airway management in children is challenging. One alternative device to the gold standard of direct laryngoscopy is the STORZ Bonfils fiberscope (Karl Storz Endoscopy, Tuttlingen, Germany), a rigid fiberoptic stylette-like scope with a curved tip. Although results in adults have been encouraging, reports regarding its use in children have been conflicting. We compared the effectiveness of a standard laryngoscope to the Bonfils fiberscope in a simulated difficult infant airway. ⋯ The Bonfils fiberscope-assisted laryngoscopy was easier to use and provided a better view of the larynx than simple direct laryngoscopy in the simulated difficult pediatric airway, but intubation success rate and time to intubate were not improved. Further studies of the Bonfils fibrescope as a pediatric airway adjunct are needed.