Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2009
Changes in delivered tidal volume with the addition of carbon dioxide to mechanical ventilation.
To determine discrepancies in delivered tidal volumes induced by the addition of carbon dioxide (CO2) during mechanical ventilation. ⋯ Either the M1 or the M3 set-up functioned efficiently without clinically significant alterations in ventilator performance. We prefer the M1 set-up as it is the one that is used most commonly in clinical practice and does not require significant alterations in the working configuration of the ventilator.
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The alpha2 agonist clonidine has become a popular drug for premedication in children. Effects and pharmacokinetics after oral, rectal, and intravenous administration are well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the absorption pharmacokinetics of clonidine nasal drops in children. ⋯ Clonidine nasal drops are erratically absorbed from the nasal mucosa and, thus, this mode of drug administration is not recommended for premedication purposes.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2009
Flexion compromises ventilation with the laryngeal tube suction II in children.
There are insufficient data as to the influence of the head and neck flexion, extension, and rotation on the ventilation with laryngeal tube suction II (LTS II). The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the head and neck position on oropharyngeal sealing pressure (primary outcome) and ventilation score (secondary outcome) during ventilation with the LTS II in children. ⋯ Although oropharyngeal sealing pressure is decreased with the head and neck extended, effective ventilation with LTS II can be performed like in the neutral position or the rotated position. While the sealing pressure is maintained with the head and neck flexed, flexion compromises the ventilation with LTS II in children.