Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2015
Review Meta AnalysisA systematic review and meta-analysis of acute severe complications of pediatric anesthesia.
Quantification of acute severe complications of pediatric anesthesia is essential to plan clinical guidelines and educational curricula. ⋯ The data on pediatric anesthesia acute severe complications are poorly defined with large variation in the specificity of diagnostic reporting even within studies. We suggest that it is vital for future studies in this area to be based on a standardized system of diagnostic reporting (possibly with a hierarchical system of coding) with adequate description of population details to describe heterogeneity of data.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2015
Review Meta AnalysisDoes a prophylactic dose of propofol reduce emergence agitation in children receiving anesthesia? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Prophylactic propofol reduces emergence agitation in children after general anesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · May 2015
Meta AnalysisDexmedetomidine vs midazolam as preanesthetic medication in children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
The preoperative period is a stressing occurrence for most people undergoing surgery, in particular children. Approximately 50-75% of children undergoing surgery develop anxiety which is associated with distress on emergence from anesthesia and with later postoperative behavioral problems. Premedication, commonly performed with benzodiazepines, reduces preoperative anxiety, facilitates separation from parents, and promotes acceptance of mask induction. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2 -agonist with sedative and analgesic properties. A meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on dexmedetomidine versus midazolam was performed to evaluate its efficacy in improving perioperative sedation and analgesia, and in reducing postoperative agitation when used as a preanesthetic medication in children. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine is effective in decreasing anxiety upon separation from parents, decreasing postoperative agitation, and providing more effective postoperative analgesia when compared with midazolam.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2015
Review Meta AnalysisSystematic Review and Meta-Analysis of benefits and risks between normothermia and hypothermia during cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery.
The controversy over the benefits between normothermic and hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for children is still uncertain. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the benefits and risks of normothermia comparing with hypothermia in pediatric cardiac surgery by randomized controlled trials. ⋯ Normothermic CPB is as safe as hypothermic CPB in children requiring correction of simple congenital cardiac defects.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2014
Review Meta AnalysisAnalgesic effect and adverse events of dexmedetomidine as additive for pediatric caudal anesthesia: a meta-analysis.
Dexmedetomidine has become a popular additive for regional anesthesia. Aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of this additive on the duration of postoperative analgesia and possible adverse events in pediatrics undergoing orchidopexy or lower abdominal surgery. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine as an additive to local anesthetic provides a significantly longer postoperative analgesia with comparable adverse effects and hemodynamic changes, when compared to local anesthetics alone. There were insufficient data of the effects of different concentrations of dexmedetomidine; further studies are required to explore this issue.