Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialGiving parents written information about children's anesthesia: are setting and timing important?
Research indicates that parents wish to receive more information and are anxious about anesthesia prior to their child's surgery. ⋯ Parents have unmet information needs related to children's anesthetic care. Written information may improve parent knowledge and enhance satisfaction, but the setting and timing of information delivery are also important to consider.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2005
Clinical TrialMarked variation in oxycodone pharmacokinetics in infants.
The pharmacokinetics of oxycodone (13-hydroxy-7,8-dihydrocodeinone) has been studied in adults and in children who are older than 6 months but there is no information on the disposition of oxycodone in neonates and young infants. The aim of this study was to study the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone in infants varying in age from 0 to 6 months. ⋯ The values for Cl and t(1/2) varied greatly between the subjects. This variability was most pronounced in the two youngest groups. Routine dosing of oxycodone in young infants may be dangerous. The dose of oxycodone must be titrated individually.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2005
Case ReportsProlonged infusion of dexmedetomidine for sedation following tracheal resection.
Dexmedetomidine is a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that is currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for short-term use (< or = 24 h) to provide sedation in adults in the ICU. This drug has been shown to be efficacious in adult medical and surgical patients in providing sedation, anxiolysis, and analgesia. ⋯ To date, there are few publications of the use of this drug in children, and prolonged infusion has not been described. We report our use of dexmedetomidine in a child during a 4-day period of mechanical ventilation following tracheal reconstruction for subglottic stenosis.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jul 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparative evaluation of midazolam and ketamine with midazolam alone as oral premedication.
Oral premedication with midazolam and ketamine is widely used in pediatric anesthesia to reduce emotional trauma and ensure smooth induction. However, various dosing regimens when used alone or in combination have variable efficacy and side effect profile. The aim of our study was to investigate and compare the efficacy of oral midazolam alone with a low-dose combination of oral midazolam and ketamine. ⋯ Oral midazolam alone and a combination of midazolam with ketamine provide equally effective anxiolysis and separation characteristics. However, the combination provided more children in an awake, calm and quiet state who could be separated easily from parents.